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Rocks and Weathering
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Uniformitarianism | The geological principal that the same processes that operate today operated in the past to change Earth's surface. |
| Erosion | The process of wearing down and carrying away rocks |
| Weathering | Is the process that breaks down rocks and other substances |
| Mechanical Weathering | A type of weathering where rock is physically broken |
| Chemical Weathering | Is the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes |
| Abrasion | Wearing away rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind or gravity |
| Frost wedging | Water freezes in rocks and expands then forces the rocks apart |
| Oxidation | Iron combines with oxygen in the presences of water causing rust |
| Permeable | A material that is full of tiny connected air spaces that allows water to seep through it |
| Soil | Loose weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow |
| Bedrock | Is the solid layer of rock beneath the soil |
| Humus | Is a dark colored substance that forms as plants and animal remains decay |
| Fertility | a measure of how well the soil supports plant growth |
| Loam | Parts of clay,soil, and silt |
| pH scale | Measures acidity |
| Soil Horizon | is a layer of soil that differs in color, texture and how composite from layers above or below it |
| Topsoil | Crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other materials |
| Subsoil | Consists of clay and other particles of rock , but little humus |
| Decomposers | Organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals |
| Natural resource | is anything in the environment that humans use |
| Soil conservation | is the management of soil to limit its destruction |
| Crop rotation | different crops in a field each year |
| Contour plowing | farmers plow their fields along the curves of a slope instead of in straight rows. |
| Conservation plowing | dead weeds and stalks of the previous years crops are plowed into the ground to help return soil nutrients, retain moisture, and hold soil in place. |
Created by:
alc10672
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