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Rocks and Weathering

TermDefinition
Uniformitarianism The geological principal that the same processes that operate today operated in the past to change Earth's surface.
Erosion The process of wearing down and carrying away rocks
Weathering Is the process that breaks down rocks and other substances
Mechanical Weathering A type of weathering where rock is physically broken
Chemical Weathering Is the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes
Abrasion Wearing away rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind or gravity
Frost wedging Water freezes in rocks and expands then forces the rocks apart
Oxidation Iron combines with oxygen in the presences of water causing rust
Permeable A material that is full of tiny connected air spaces that allows water to seep through it
Soil Loose weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow
Bedrock Is the solid layer of rock beneath the soil
Humus Is a dark colored substance that forms as plants and animal remains decay
Fertility a measure of how well the soil supports plant growth
Loam Parts of clay,soil, and silt
pH scale Measures acidity
Soil Horizon is a layer of soil that differs in color, texture and how composite from layers above or below it
Topsoil Crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other materials
Subsoil Consists of clay and other particles of rock , but little humus
Decomposers Organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals
Natural resource is anything in the environment that humans use
Soil conservation is the management of soil to limit its destruction
Crop rotation different crops in a field each year
Contour plowing farmers plow their fields along the curves of a slope instead of in straight rows.
Conservation plowing dead weeds and stalks of the previous years crops are plowed into the ground to help return soil nutrients, retain moisture, and hold soil in place.
Created by: alc10672
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