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Earth Systems

TermDefinition
Atmosphere A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet, such as Earth
Asthenosphere The soft layer of the mantle on which pieces of lithosphere move
Biosphere All of the ecosystems on Earth; the part of Earth where life exists
Color One of the physical properties used to identify minerals
Deposition The process in which water, ice, wind, and gravity drop newly formed sediments
Erosion The process by which particles of rock are removed from their source; the removal and transfer of rock and soil by the flow of water, and by the actions of gravity, wind and ice
Hardness Another one of the physical properties of minerals used in showing its resistance to being scratched
Igneous The type of rock that forms when hot, liquid rock, or magma, cools and hardens
Lithosphere The outermost, rigid layer of the Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid, upper part of the mantle
Luster The way a mineral reflects light
Metamorphic The type of rock that forms when existing rocks are heated and squeezed
Mineral Any naturally formed solid matter with a crystal structure
Sedimentary The type of rock that forms when particles of rock, or sediment, collect and harden into new rock
Stratosphere The atmospheric layer above the troposphere
Streak The color of a mineral in a powder form
Tectonic Plate A piece of the lithosphere that moves around on top of the asthenosphere
Tectonic Plate Movement When tectonic plates pull apart, push together, or slide and rub against each other
Troposphere The lowest layer of the Earth’s atmosphere
Volcanism The process that forms mountains from molten rock erupting onto the Earth’s surface
Weathering The process by which water, ice, heat, and wind act to break down rocks
Created by: Charles.
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