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Sun/Moon/Earth OW
Term | Definition |
---|---|
rotation | to turn around a center point or an axis. The Earth does this fully on its axis every 24 hours and that is why we have day and night. |
revolution | to move around another object. The Earth does this around the Sun, which takes 365 days. |
orbit | the path followed by a planet, moon, or other heavenly body as it travels around another object. The shape of Earth’s _________ around the Sun is elliptical. |
axis | a real or imaginary straight line about which something turns. The imaginary _____ of the Earth passes through the North and South Pole. |
tilt | to slant or tip. The Earth does this at 23.5 degrees |
hemispheres | one half of a sphere or globe. The Earth is divided at the equator into the Northern and Southern ____________________. |
equator | an imaginary line around the middle of the Earth, at an equal distance from the North Pole and the South Pole. |
solar eclipse | occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon casts a shadow on Earth. This occurs during the New Moon phase. |
lunar eclipse | occurs when the Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its shadow. This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned during the Full Moon phase. |
equinox | two days of the year when the amount of day and night are of equal length all over the world: Autumnal (Fall) ____________ and Vernal (Spring) _____________. |
tides | the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun and the rotation of the Earth. |
spring tides | the exceptionally high and low tides that occur at the time of the new moon or the full moon when the sun, moon, and earth are approximately aligned. |
neap tides | occurs when the difference between high and low tide is the least; the lowest level of high tide. These tides occur during the first and third quarter phases of the moon. |
new moon | moon phase during which the side facing Earth cannot be seen because it is not illuminated. |
crescent | moon phase during which less than half of the side facing the Earth is illuminated. |
gibbous | moon phase during which more than half of the side facing the Earth is illuminated. |
full moon | moon phase when the entire side facing Earth is illuminated. |
waxing | the illuminated surface of the Moon as seen from Earth is increasing in size. |
waning | the illuminated surface of the Moon as seen from the Earth is decreasing in size. |