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Bio
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Autoimmune disorders | the immune system accidentally attacks and destroys healthy body tissue |
| Biotechnology | applying technology to study or manipulate living things |
| Chemical bases | Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine. The genes that form together to make your DNA. |
| Cloning | Generate a population of genetically identical molecules, cells, plants or animals |
| Diamond vs. Chakrabarty | USSC case dealing with weather genetically modified organisms can be pantent |
| DNA ( deoxyribonucleic acid) | genes of most living things |
| DNA fingerprinting | A test to identify and evaluate the genetic information of a persons cells |
| Fermentatioon | anaerobic conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and alcohol by yeast |
| Genes | region of DNA that controls a hereditary charcteristics |
| Genetics | branch of biology that deals with heredity, mainly the mechanisms of heredity transmission and the variation of inherited characteristics among similar or related organisms |
| Genetic engineering | to change DNA of living organisms |
| Gene therapy | technique for correcting defective genes responsible for disease development |
| Human genome map | finished sequence of human genome |
| Human genome project | international scientific research project with a primary goal to determine the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up DNA and identify and map the approximate 20,000- 25,000 genes of the human genome from both physical and functional stand point. |
| Immunology | study of protection from foreign macromolecules or invading organisms and our body's responses to them. |
| Interferon | naturally occurring substance that interferes with the ability of viruses to reproduce |
| Molecular biology | study of biology at a molecular level, concerns itself with understanding the interactions between the various systems of a cell |
| Nucleotide | monomer structural unit of nucleotide chains that form the nucleic acids RNA and DNA |
| Proteins | a group of complex organic macromolecules that are composed of one or more chains of amino acids. |
| Recombinant DNA | combining of two pieces of DNA from different sources |
| RNA (ribonucleic acid) | One of the two main types of nucleic acid that consists of strands of repeating nucleotides joined in chainlike fashion, but the strands are single (except in certain viruses), and it has the nucleotide uracil (U)where DNA has thymine (T). |
| Somatic cell nuclear transfer | therapeutic cloning involves removing the nucleus of an unfertilized egg cell, replacing it with the material from the nucleus of a "somatic cell" , and stimulating this cell to begin dividing. |
| Stem cells | class of undifferentiated cells that are able to differentiate into specialized cell types |
| Thalidomide | introduced as a sedative drug in the late 1950s, then banned in the early 1960s after it was found to cause deformed limbs in the children of women who took it early in pregnancy. |
| Transgenic | organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. |
| Xenotransplantation | transplantation of livings cells, tissues, or organs form one species to another |
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