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Chapter 3 Vocab

TermDefinition
Matter Everything that has mass and takes up space
Element The ingredients that make up all other substances. Can't be broken down into other substances
Metals Good conductors of electricity and heat. Can bend without breaking. Most have grey colors
Nonmetals Do not conduct heat/electricity very well. May be a gas or a solid.
Semi-metals Sometimes like metals and sometimes like nonmetals.
Atom The smallest part of an atom that still acts like an element
Atomic Theory States that everything is made of atoms
Compund A type of matter made of two or more elements
Molecule Smallest particle of a compound that still acts like a compound.
Proton Positive charge. Found in the nucleus
Neutron No charge. Found in the nucleus
Electron Negative charge. Orbits the nucleus
Solid Has a definite volume and a definite shape. Particles are very close together, and don't move past each other. Keeps it's shape
Liquid Has a definite volume but not shape. Particles can move past each other. Takes shape of container
Gas No definite volume or shape. Particles spread out eventually and take shape of container. Can be squeezed into smaller volume
Plasma Like gas but conducts electricity like metal. Occurs with high temps or electric charge
Melting Point Solid to liquid or liquid to solid. Same temperature as freezing point
Evaporation When liquids become a gas
Condensation When gas becomes a liquid. Gas particles touch a cold surface and the temp drops
Boiling Point The temp at which evaporation occurs
Mixture Two or substances that mix together but keeps it's own identity
Solution A mixture where substances spreads out evenly and will not settle
Solute The substance being dissolved
Solvent What the substance is dissolved in
Solobility A way to measure how much a material dissolves into another
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