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Geologic Time Test

QuestionAnswer
what are fossils? a remnant, impression, or trace of an organism of past geologic ages that has been preserved in Earth's crust
how are fossils formed? 1) buried by sediment (rapid burial) 2)layers 3)movement 4)erosion
permineralization empty spaces in the fossil are filled by minerals precipitated out of groundwater
carbon film fossil original organic material is reserved as a thin carbon film
mold the cavity left by the original shell after it dissolves
cast produced when a mold is filled with sediment or minerals
original remains fossil the original tissue from an organism will be preserved. (freezing, drying, entrapment in amber or tar, burial in peat bogs)
trace fossil the marks left by an organism in it's environment (burrows, trails, nests)
index fossils -used to identify a particular geologic period - were short-lived during a specific time -found over a large geographic area
superposition in undisturbed layers of rock, the oldest rocks are on the bottom and the rocks progressively younger toward the top
relative age relative age is the age of something in comparison to the ages of other things
uniformitarism a principle that states that Earth processes occurring today are similar to those that occurred in the past
absolute age the age, in years, of a rock or other object
what are the 4 eons? Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, Phanerozoic
what are the 3 eras of the Phanerozoic Era? Cenozoic, Mesozoic , Paleozoic
what 3 life-forms were most dominant during the Paleozoic Era? invertabrates, fishes, amphibians
what life-form was dominant during the Mesozoic Era? dinosaurs
what life-forms were dominant during the Cenozoic Era? insects, mammals (and horses, camels, and bison)
what eon, era, period, and epoch are we currently living in? eon: Phanerozoic era: Cenozoic period: Cenozoic epoch: Holocene
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