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The Nervous System

Anatomy and Physiology: The Nervous System

TermDefinition
Three major functions of the nervous system Sensory input, integration, motor output
Sensory input Monitors changes occurring inside and outside the body
Integration Processes and interprets sensory input (information processing)
Motor output Response to information processed
Composed of the brain and spinal cord Central nervous system
Subdivision of the PNS that controls voluntary activities such as the activation of skeletal muscles Somatic nervous system
Composed of cranial and spinal nerves Peripheral nervous system
Subdivision of the PNS that regulates the activity of cardiac muscle (the heart), smooth muscle, and glands; it is also called the involuntary nervous system Autonomic nervous system
A major subdivision of the nervous system that interprets incoming information and issues orders Central nervous system
A major subdivision of the nervous system that serves as communication lines, linking all parts of the body to the CNS Peripheral nervous system
Support, insulate, and protect cells/neurons Neuroglia
Demonstrate irritability and conductivity, and transmit electrical messages from one area of the body to another Neurons
Release neurotransmitters (general) Neurons
Are amitotic (cannot divide) Neurons
Able to divide; therefore are responsible for most brain neoplasms Neuroglia
Releases neurotransmitters (specific; neuron anatomy) Axon terminal
Conducts electrical currents toward the cell body Dendrites
Increases the speed of impulse transmission Myelin sheath
Location of the nucleus Cell body
Conducts impulses away from the cell body Axon
Created by: anahanaei
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