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KS3 Biology vocab.
Common Entrance (KS3) Biology vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ADAPTIONS | Special features that help animals and plants fit into their environment. |
| ALGAE | A group of plants that have no proper roots, stems or leaves. |
| ALVEOLI | The tiny air sacs in lungs where gaseous exchange takes place. |
| AMNION | A water filled sac (containing AMNIOTIC FLUID) that helps support and protect the developing embryo. |
| AMPHIBIANS | A group of animals where the adults have lungs and breath air. The young have gills and live in water. eg frog or toad |
| ANNELIDS | Segmented worms with bristles on each segment e.g. earthworm or leech. |
| ANTAGONISTIC MUSCLES | Muscles that work in pairs. An example are the biceps and triceps in the arm. |
| ANTHER | The top part of the stamen, the male part of a flower. Where pollen is made. |
| ARACHNIDS | Animals that have 4 pairs of legs, 2 parts to the body eg spider, scorpion. |
| ARTERIES | Blood vessels that carry blood AWAY FROM the heart. |
| ARTHROPODS | Animals that have many pairs of jointed legs and an exoskeleton. They are divided into several smaller groups eg insects, arachnids and crustaceans. |
| ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION | A form of reproduction where NO fertilization required. Examples: producing spores in fungi. |
| BLADDER | The organ in a human that stores urine. |
| BRAIN | An organ that controls and coordinates all the major functions of the body. Where all the nerves meet. |
| CAPILLARIES | Tiny blood vessels that carry blood to the individual cells and to the surface of the skin.They link the arteries to the veins. |
| CARBOHYDRATE | A food group that supplies us with energy. Carbohydrates contain starch or sugar. Examples include sweets, bread, pasta |
| CARBON DIOXIDE | A colourless gas used by plants during photosynthesis and breathed out by humans as a waste product. |
| WORD EQUATION FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS | CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER ---> GLUCOSE + OXYGEN |
| CARNIVORE (carnivorous) | A consumer that eats other animals. eg ladybird, fox, pike. |
| CELL (biology) | The basic unit of all life. All contain a nucleus, cytoplasm and a cell membrane. |
| CELL MEMBRANE | The living covering to a cell. It controls what passes in or out of the cell. |
| CELL WALL | The dead, outer edge to a plant cell. gives the cell strength. Made of cellulose. |
| CHLOROPLASTS | The part of a plant cell which carries out photosynthesis. Contain chlorophyll. |
| COLD-BLOODED | An animal whose body temperature changes with the temperature of the surroundings . |
| CYTOPLASM . | The living contents of a cell (excluding the nucleus). Found in ALL cells. |
| DIGESTION | The process where food is broken down by enzymes into simple chemicals that are then absorbed into the body. |
| EAR | An organ used for HEARING. Rapid changes in air pressure cause the eardrum to vibrate. |
| ECOLOGY | The study of animals and plants in their natural environment and how they interact or depend on each other |
| ENZYMES | Chemicals in the body that help break down food and allow digestion to take place. |
| EXOSKELETON | The hard outside skin found on some animals such as crab, lobster and all insects. |
| EYE | An organ used for seeing. Contains a LENS which focuses light onto light-sensitive cells found in the RETINA. |
| FALLOPIAN TUBE | A tube in the female that carries the egg from an ovary to the uterus. |
| FERMENTATION | The process where YEAST converts sugar into ALCOHOL and CARBON DIOXIDE. |
| FERTILIZATION (Human) | The joining of the male and female gamete to form a zygote. |
| FISH | A group of animals that have gills and live in water. |
| FLOWER | The part of a plant that contains the reproductive organs. Where the plant makes seeds. |
| FUNGI | A group of organisms similar to plants but do not possess green chlorophyll so cannot carry out photosynthesis. |
| GAMETE | The name given to the special cells that join during sexual reproduction (eg egg and sperm) |
| GERMINATION | When a seed shows first signs of growth. In order to germinate seed needs WATER, OXYGEN and WARMTH. |
| HABITAT | The place where an animal or plant makes its home. |
| HEART | The organ used to pump blood to and from the lungs and around the body. |
| HERBIVORE | Describes an animal that eats only plants. (leaves, seeds, berries, bark etc) eg snail, mouse |
| HOST | The organism on which a parasite is living |
| INSECTS | Animals that have 3 pairs of legs, 3 parts to the body and usually 2 pairs of wings eg butterfly, ant. |
| INVERTEBRATES | Animals without a backbone. examples are fly, slug, spider. |
| KIDNEY | An organ in the body that removes waste (urea) from the blood. |
| LUNGS | Organs that put oxygen into the blood and remove carbon dioxide |
| MAMMALS | A group of animals where the young are born alive and have hair or fur on their bodies. |
| MITOCHONDRIA | The part of a cell which carries out respiration. They provide the cell with energy. |
| OMNIVORE (omniverous) | The word used to describe animals that eat plants and other animals. |
| PARASITE | An animal or plant that lives on (or inside) the body of another living organism . |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | The process by which plants manufacture glucose using carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil using energy from the Sun. |
| PLACENTA | An organ that supplies the developing embryo with food and oxygen from the mother's blood. |
| QUADRAT | A square frame of wood (or area of land), often 1m x 1m, used during ecology to estimate populations. |
| REPTILES | This group of animals that lays soft shelled eggs on land and their bodies are covered in hard scales. |
| RESPIRATION | The process by which all living organisms release energy from sugar. |
| ROOT | Part of a plant that absorbs water and dissolved mineral salts from the ground. |
| SCAVENGER | The type of animal that lives from the remains of other animals. eg shrimp, vulture. |
| SMALL INTESTINE | The organ where digestion and absorption of food takes place in mammals. |
| STAMEN | The male part of a flower. Where the pollen is made. Is made up from a FILAMENT and ANTHER. |
| STIGMA | This is the part of a flower where pollen lands during pollination. It is at the top of the carpel, the female part of the flower |
| TESTIS | Where sperm are manufactured in a human. |
| TRACHEA | Another name for the windpipe |
| UMBILICAL CORD | A tube that connects the baby to the mother (before it is born). It consists of an artery and vein that connects the embryo's blood circulatory system to the placenta. |
| URETER | The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder |
| VEINS | Blood vessels that carry blood TOWARDS the heart |
| VERTEBRATES | This word describes animals that have a backbone. |
| WARM-BLOODED | This word describes animals whose body temperature is constant |
| XYLEM VESSELS | Vessels that transport water to the leaf of a plant from its roots. |
| YEAST fermentation) | A single celled FUNGUS used in baking to make bread rise and in brewing to make alcohol. |
| ZYGOTE | The cell formed by the fertilization of a male and female gamete. |
| CHLOROPHYLL | The name of the green chemical needed by plants for photosynthesis to take place |
| POLLINATION | The process whereby pollen reaches the stigma of a plant |
| PRODUCER | Organisms at the beginning of a food chain that produce their own food. All plants are producers |
| SAPROPHYTE | An organism that feeds or grows on decaying plants or animals. |
| SPERM | A cell that contains the male gamete in animals. In humans sperm are made in the testis. |
| CONSUMER | An animal that eats plants or another animal |
| PRODUCER | An organism that makes food. Usually a green plant. |
| STARCH TEST | Add iodine solution which turns a blue-black colour. |
| OVUM | A cell that contains the female gamete in animals. In humans ova (eggs) are made in the ovary. |
Created by:
MikeCurtis
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