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Earth Space
Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the hierarchical relationship between objects in the universe from most largest to smallest | Universe, galaxy, solar system, star, planet. |
| What units do we use to measure the vast distances in space and why? | Light years because they are a very large unit (1 light year = 5 trillion miles). |
| Describe the rotation of gases that make up the sun. | The gases that make up the sun rotate at different speeds, faster closer to the equator. |
| Compare and contrast solar flares and a prominence. | Both are explosions that occur on the surface of the sun, but a prominence starts looks like an arch before it explodes. |
| Compare the temperature and appearance of a sunspot to the rest of the sun’s surface. | Sunpots are cooler and appear darker than the sun’s surface. |
| What layer of the sun does most of the sun’s energy come from? | The Core |
| What is the convection zone and what occurs there? | The outer layer of the sun. This is where gases heat up, rise, cool off, and fall. |
| What layer of the sun produces visible light? | Photosphere. This is the layer of the sun’s atmosphere that we see. |
| What layer of the sun has a reddish color? | chromosphere |
| What is the difference between absolute brightness and apparent magnitude? | Absolute brightness is the scientific measurement of how much light as star produces. Apparent magnitude is how bright a star appears to an observer on Earth (closer appears brighter). |
| How does distance from the sun affect the temperature of a planet? | Planets closer to the sun are warmer than those farther away. |
| How does the length of a planet’s Revolution/year relate to its distance from the sun? | Planets closer to the sun take a shorter time to revolve around the sun and therefore have a shorter year than planets that are farther away. |
| Explain the role that gravity plays in the formation and motion of planets, stars, and solar systems. | Gravity pulled dust and gases to gather to for the planets stars and solar system. Gravity gives planets their spherical shape. Gravity also keeps planets in orbit. |
| What two factors impact the amount of gravity between two objects? | Distance (closer equals more gravity) and Mass (more mass more gravity) |
| Compare and contrast heliocentric and geocentric models of the solar system. | Geocentric is earth centered with the sun and other planets revolving around it. Heliocentric is a sun centered model of the sun solar system in which Earth and the other planets orbit the sun. |
| What is eccentricity? | How oval a planets orbit is. |
| What causes the seasons? | The tilt of the Earth on it’s axis causes the season’s. |
| Describe the tilt of the Earth during summer and winter. | During the summer the Earth is tilted toward the sun and during winter it tilts away. |
| What affect does the moon have on the water that covers part of Earth’s surface? | The moon’s gravitational pull causes the tides, which is the rise and fall of water levels. |
| What is a lunar eclipse and when does it occur? | An eclipse of the moon can only happen at full moon, when the sun, Earth and moon line up in space, with Earth in the middle. At such times, Earth’s shadow falls on the moon. |
| Contrast weathering, erosion and deposition. | Remember break it , take it, drop it. Weathering breaks it, erosion takes it, deposition drops it. |
| There are a variety of different landforms on Earth’s surface, such as coastlines, dunes, rivers, mountains, glaciers, deltas, and lakes. Which of these are found in Florida? | coastlines, rivers, lakes and dunes. |
| What are some ways in which humans impact the Earth? | deforestation (cutting trees), urbanization (building buildings), desertification (using too much water), erosion, polluting air and water, and changing the flow of water (adding trash and building dams). |
| Describe the formation of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock. | Igneous forms when magma cools (requires heat). Sedimentary forms into layers (requires pressure). Metamorphic forms from other types of rock (requires heat and pressure). |
| Describe the law of superposition? What is it used for? | The law of superposition tells us that the deeper down in the rock an object(fossil) is the older it is. It is used to estimate the age of fossils. |
| What is radioactive dating and what is it used for? | Radioactive is the measurement of the amount of each radioactive element present an object. Radioactive dating is used to determine the age of objects. |
| What causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and creates mountains and ocean basins? | Heat flow and movement of plates and materials in the mantle. |
| Describe the layers of the solid Earth. | The layers of the Earth including: -Crust with plates -the lithosphere (crust and upper mantle) -the hot convecting mantle - the dense metallic liquid outer core - solid inner cores. |
| Name the Earth sphere that includes each of these. A. Water B. Mountains, land C. Ice, D. Living things E. Gases that surround the Earth. | A. Hydrosphere, B. Geosphere, C. Cryosphere, D. Biophere, E. Atmosphere. |
| What is the difference between weather and climate? | Weather is what the atmosphere is like are over a short period of time, and climate is how the atmosphere "behaves" over long periods of time. |
| How does the atmosphere protects life and insulates the planet? | The gases insulate the planet protecting it from overheating. |
| Differentiate between conduction, convection, radiation. | conduction is heat transfer between objects that are touching, convection is what caused the circular motion of materials and radiation is when heat moves through space or air to another object. |
| Describe the difference between a lunar and solar eclipse. | In a lunar eclipse the moon is not visible and the position of the Earth is between the sun and moon. In a solar eclipse, the sun is not visible and the moon is between the sun and Earth. |
| What role does the moon play in daily tidal patterns? | The moons pulls the water on Earth surface to create the tide. The area closest and farthest from the moon will have high tide and the are perpendicular to the moon will have low tide. |
| List the layers of the atmosphere in order from closest to farthest from the Earth's surface. Describe Each. | Troposphere-high density, location of weather, wind Stratosphere-low pressure, protect from uv (ozone) Mesosphere- meteors burn up here, very cold Thermosphere-Warm/cloudless Exophere- The hottest /low density/low pressure |
Created by:
msings
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