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Astronomy #2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
geocentric | the Earth-centered model of the solar system |
heliocentric | the sun-centered model of the solar system |
ellipse | the oval shape of the planets' orbits |
nuclear fusion | energy-creating process where hydrogen atoms join together in the Sun's core to form helium atoms |
photosphere | the surface layer of the Sun's atmosphere which gives off visible light |
chromosphere | the red glowing middle layer of the Sun's atmosphere |
corona | the white halo outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere |
solar wind | steam of electrically charged particles which flows out from the Sun's corona into space |
sunspot | dark area of gas on the Sun's surface that is cooler than surrounding gases |
prominence | huge, reddish loop of gas which links together sunspot regions |
solar flare | eruption of gas and energy from the Sun's surface when sunspots suddenly connect |
terrestrial planets | the four small, dense, rocky inner planets |
gas giant | the four large, massive , non-solid outer planets |
comet | loose collection of ice, dust, and small rocks with a long, narrow ellipse |
Kuiper belt | doughnut-shaped region of comets extending from Neptune's orbit out into space |
Oort cloud | spherical region of comets surrounding our solar system |
asteroid | small, rocky objects which revolve around the Sun between Mars and Jupiter |
meteoroid | a chunk of rock or dust in space broken off from a comet or asteriod |
meteor | streak of light produced by the burning of a meteoroid in Earth's atmosphere |
meteorite | a meteoroid that passes through Earth's atmosphere and hits Earth's surface |