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Chapter 6-Muscles

Four Major Functional Characteristics contractility, excitability, extensibility, elasticity
Contractility the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force.
Excitability the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus.
Extensibility the ability to be stretched.
Elasticity ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched.
Epimysium A connective tissue sheath that surrounds skeletal muscle.
Fascia Is another connective tissue located outside the epimysium. Surrounds and separates muscles.
Perimysium Loose connective tissue that surrounds fasciculi (fascicle)
Fasciculi (fascicle) Numerous visible bundles that compose a muscle.
The fasciculi are composed of single muscles cells called what? fibers
Each muscle fiber is a single cylindrical cell containing what? several nuclei
Endomysium A connective tissue sheath that surrounds each fiber.
Myofibrils A threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other.
What is the cytoplasm of each fiber filled with? Myofibrils
Myofibrils consist of what 2 major kinds of protein fibers? actin myofilaments, myosin myofilaments
Actin Myofilaments thin myofilaments. They resemble 2 minutes strands of pearls twisted together.
Myosin Myofilaments thick myofilaments. They resemble bundles of minute golf clubs.
Sarcomeres Are highly ordered units formed from actin and myosin myofilaments. Is the basic and structural and functional unity of the muscle.
The arrangement of actin and myosin give what appearance? a banded appearance
I band a light area on each side of the Z line.
The A band extends the length of the myosin. It is the darker central region in each sarcomere.
H zone a light area in the center of each sarcomere, which consists of only myosin.
The myosin myofilaments are anchored in the center of the sarcomere at a dark staining band called what? M line
Resting membrane potential the charge difference across a membrane.
Action potential the brief reversal back of the charge.
Motor neurons are nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers.
Each branch of axons that connects to the muscle forms what near the center of the cell? neuromuscular junction or synapse
Motor unit A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates.
Neuromuscular junction Is formed by an enlarged nerve terminal resting in an indentation of the muscle cell membrane
Presynaptic terminal The enlarged nerve terminal
Synaptic cleft The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell
Postsynaptic terminal The muscle fiber
Each presynaptic terminal contains what? Synaptic vesicles
Acetylcholine Secrete a neurotransmitter
When an action potential reaches the nerve terminal it cause the synaptic vesicles to what? Release acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft by exocytosis
Created by: kylerchilders
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