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Earth Science Vocab
5th Grade STAAR review - Earth Science
Term | Definition |
---|---|
weather | the way the atmosphere is behaving in a short period of time; includes temperature, rainfall and humidity |
climate | the average weather pattern in a place over many years |
water cycle | circulation fo the Earth's water; driven by energy from the Sun |
evaporation | liquid water changes to water vapor |
condensation | water vapor cools and changes to liquid water, clouds are formed |
precipitation | water falling to the Earth as rain, snow, sleet or hail |
accumulation | runoff from hills and mountains collects into lakes, rivers and oceans |
atmosphere | the mixture of gases that surround Earth or other objects in the sky; held in place by the gravitational force of the object |
constructive force | builds up the Earth's surface |
destructive force | breaks down the Earth's surface |
weathering | breaking down of rocks on the Earth's surface by wind, water, ice and growing plants |
erosion | movement of weathered materials |
deposition | dropping of weathered materials in a new place |
canyon | a long, deep, narrow valley with steep cliff walls, cut into Earth by running water |
delta | fan-shaped mass of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river |
sand dune | a ridge of sand created by the wind |
sedimentary rocks | formed when sediment, minerals and organic fragments, is deposited and becomes tightly compacted into layers |
fossil fuels | coal, oil and natural gas formed from the remains of plants and animals over millions of years |
rotation | the spinning of a planet, moon, sun or other object, around an axis; on Earth this takes about 24 hours, the day and night cycle |
revolution | one orbit of an object in space around another object in space |
axis | an imaginary line that passes through Earth's center from the North Pole to the South Pole |
season | one of the major divisions of the year, caused by the tilt of the Earth's axis and its revolution around the sun. |
gravity | force of attraction between two objects |
orbit | path that one object in space takes around another object in space |