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biology ch. 20 terms
Term | Definition |
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predation | an interaction between two species in which one species, the predator, feeds on the other species, the prey |
interspecific competition | a relationship between two species in which both species complete for limited resources such that both species are negatively affected by the relationship |
sybiosis | a relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with each other |
parasitism | a relationship between two species in which one species, the parasite, benefits from the other species, the host, which is harmed |
mutualism | a relationship between two species in which both species benefit |
commensalism | a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected |
species richness | the number of different species in an area or community |
species evenness | a measure of the relative adundance of each species in an ecological community |
species-area effect | a pattern in which the number of species in an area increases as the area increases |
disturbance | in ecology; an event that changes a community by removing or destroying organisms or altering resource availability |
stability | the tendency of a community to maintain a relatively constant structure |
ecological succession | a gradual process of change and replacement in a community |
primary succession | succession that begins in an area that previously did not support life |
secondary succession | the process by which one community replaces another community that has been partially or totally destroyed |
pioneer species | a species that colonizes an uninhabited area and that starts an ecological cycle in which many other species become established |
climax community | a final, stable community in equilibrium with the environment |