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Weathering & erosion

QuestionAnswer
Chemical weathering the erosion or disintegration of rocks, building materials, etc.
Mechanical weathering any of the various weathering processes that cause physical disintegration of exposed rock without any change in the chemical composition of the rock
Climate the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period.
Horizon a layer of soil or rock, or a set of strata, with particular characteristics.
Humus the organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms.
Ice wedging a crack in the ground formed by a narrow or thin piece of ice that measures up to 3–4 meters in length at ground level and extends downwards into the ground up to several meters.
Leaching (with reference to a soluble chemical or mineral) drain away from soil, ash, or similar material by the action of percolating liquid, especially rainwater.
Litter objects strewn or scattered about; scattered rubbish.
Oxidation the deposit that forms on the surface of a metal as it oxidizes.
Soil The upper layer of earth in which plants grow, a black or dark brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles.
Soil profile a vertical section of the soil from the ground surface downwards to where the soil meets the underlying rock.
Abrasion weathering by scraping or wearing away.
Creep the tendency of a solid material to move slowly or deform permanently under the influence of mechanical stresses.
Deflation The lifting and removal of fine, dry particles of silt, soil, and sand by the wind.
Deposition the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or land mass.
Dune a mound or ridge of sand or other loose sediment formed by the wind, especially on the sea coast or in a desert.
Erosion the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
Glacier a slowly moving mass or river of ice formed by the accumulation and compaction of snow on mountains or near the poles.
Loess a loosely compacted yellowish-gray deposit of windblown sediment of which extensive deposits occur.
Moraine a mass of rocks and sediment carried down and deposited by a glacier, typically as ridges at its edges or extremity.
Plucking a glacial phenomenon that is responsible for the erosion and transportation of individual pieces of bedrock, especially large "joint blocks"
Slump a form of mass wasting that occurs when a coherent mass of loosely consolidated materials or rock layers moves a short distance down a slope.
Till unsorted material deposited directly by glacial ice and showing no stratification.
Aquifer a body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater.
Beach a pebbly or sandy shore, especially by the ocean between high- and low-water marks.
Channel form channels or grooves in.
Drainage basin area where water/sediment collect.
Geyser a hot spring in which water intermittently boils, sending a tall column of water and steam into the air.
Groundwater water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices in rock.
Impermeable Something that does not allow water or liquid to pass through it.
Meander Natural curves/bends in streams from weathering/erosion.
Runoff the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area of land, a building or structure.
Spring the result of an aquifer being filled to the point that the water overflows onto the land surface.
Water table the level below which the ground is saturated with water.
Created by: 3095020
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