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Ecology Populations
chapter 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name 4 characteristics of populations | population density, spatial distribution ( dispersion), population range, and population growth rates |
| Name the two models for population growth rate | exponential growth and logistic growth |
| What factor in an environment can depend on population density .. being density dependent or independent | limiting factors... ( density independent are usually abiotic and include natural phenomena... Density dependent are often biotic such as predation, disease, parasites and competition) |
| 4 bisons / square kilometer is an example of the population characteristic called ? | density |
| 3 examples of spatial distribution are .... | uniform, clumped, and random |
| How the members of the population are spaced within the area is called | spatial distribution or dispersion |
| What term describes animals that are usually in a clumped arrangement within their area | herds |
| dandelions are typically found in what spatial distribution | random ( due to light seeds that are wind blown and they can go almost anywhere) |
| How is the population range of a population normally displayed | they are shown with a map that is colored to show the various places they live.. one color in the summer and another color for the winter |
| What is used to describe the species distribution ( multiple populations of the same type of animal) | the population range |
| What is the typical shape of the graph of exponential growth | J shape |
| What is the name of the population growth model that is "S" shaped | logistic growth |
| Which type of population growth graph levels out at carrying capacity | logistic growth |
| what are 4 factors that help determine the population growth rate | NATALITY, MORTALITY, EMIGRATION, IMMIGRATION |
| What are the meaning of natality, mortality, emigration, and immigration... which two are most important for determining the population growth rate | birthrate, death rate, ( these are the most important for determining pop. growth rate.... number moving away from the population and number moving into the population |
| The slow population growth at the beginning of the exponential and the beginning of the logistic population growth rate model is called the | LAG PHASE |
| in the exponential growth model , how do you know when the population begins to reproduce rapidly | that is when the graph become "J" shaped |
| All populations grow? until some ? slows the population's growth | exponentially, limiting factor |
| What can you say about the use of resources when a population is growing? | the use of resources is exponential, so the resources will become limited and population growth slows |
| the maximum number of individuals in a species that an environment can support for the long term | carrying capacity |
| How do populations tend to grow when they are near or at carrying capacity? | many populations tend to stabilize near carrying capacity. they FLUCTUATE above and below the carrying capacity line.. |
| drought, flooding, tornadoes, predation, disease, parasites, and competition are things that can restrict the numbers or organisms, their reproduction, or their distribution... they are called | limiting factors |
| For any environmental factor there is an upper limit and a lower limit that define the conditions in which the organism can survive... this is called the organism's _______ | range of tolerance |
| When the environmental factor IS OUTSIDE OF THE RANGE OF TOLERANCE of the organism then it becomes a/an | limiting factor |
| the zone where organisms may show difficulty with growth or reproduction and other bodily functions is called | the zone of physiological stress ( there will be fewer organisms living in this area) |
| the area that is outside ( above or below) the zone of physiological stress is called the _____ | zone of intolerance |
| The area on the range of tolerance where you would find the greatest number of organisms is the area that has ideal conditions for the organism and is called the | optimum zone |
Created by:
shemehl
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