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MB 7.1

MB Chapter 7, Section 1

TermDefinition
cellular respiration the process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates; atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water and carbon dioxide
pyruvic acid the three-carbon compound that is produced during glycolysis and needed for both the aerobic and anaerobic pathways of cellular respiration that follow glycolysis
NADH an electron carrier molecule
anaerobic describes a process that does not require oxygen
aerobic respiration a process where, if oxygen is present in the cell's environment, pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make large amounts of ATP
glycolysis the anaerobic breakdown of glucose pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP
NAD+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, an organic molecule that serves as an electron carrier by being oxidized to NAD+ and reduced to NADH
fermentation the breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen
lactic acid fermentation the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product
alcoholic fermentation the anaerobic process by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol
Created by: simmonsr20
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