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Ecology Sec 2.1
relationships, levels of organization, ecology basics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| branch of biology that studies the relationships among organisms and the interaction of the organisms with their environment | ECOLOGY |
| portion of earth that supports life. Literally "ball of life" but only a small portion of this supports life... a thin layer several km. above earth into atmosphere and several km. below ocean surface to deep-ocean vents | BIOSPHERE |
| living factors in organism's environment | BIOTIC FACTORS |
| nonliving factors in organism's environment ..including temperature, amount of sunlight, type of soil etc | ABIOTIC FACTORS |
| What is added to a community to make an ecosystem | ABIOTIC FACTORS |
| Smallest unit of MATTER ... join together to make molecules | atoms |
| things like water or carbon dioxide that are made of different atoms joined together with chemical bonds | molecules |
| nitrogen base molecules, can join with sugar molecules and phosphate molecules to form DNA nucleotides with can join together to make a ______ called DNA | macromolecule |
| macromolecules can join together to form things such as mitochondria, chloroplasts or a nucleus within a cell | organelles |
| The smallest unit of life... the smallest unit of structure and function in organisms. | Cells |
| One cell can live independently in an environment and would be considered to be at the ___ level of organization | organism |
| similar cells can join together for a certain function .. examples of these may be nervous or muscular____ | Tissue |
| Various tissues join together to form ______ that performs a certain function | an organ |
| the stomach, liver, pancreas, intestines, esophagus and other organs get together to form a/an | organ system ( okay to just call system) |
| all of the organ systems get together to form a multicellular ____ | organism |
| organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time are called a/an | population |
| group of interacting populations in the same area at the same time | community |
| a biological community and all the abiotic factors that affect it | ecosystem |
| This ecological level of organization can be small or large , the boundaries can be flexible and change...these can also overlap | ecosystem |
| a group of ecosystems that share the same climate and types of communities | biome |
| all of the biomes combine to join the ____ | biosphere |
| Temperature, humidity, and windspeed are examples of ____ environmental factors | abiotic |
| predators, plants, fungi, and bacteria are examples of _____ environmental factors | biotic |
| the area where an organism lives is called their____ | habitat |
| All of the trout in a stream | POPULATION |
| physical location a community, population and individual live and to which it is adapted | habitat |
| a dung beetle uses animal droppings as a food source | niche |
| general habitat of a shark | ocean |
| fungus and bacteria are decomposers in an environment. This is describing their____ | niche |
| the role or position ( job) that an organism has in its environment...it can also be thought of as how the organism meets its needs for food, shelter, and reproduction | niche |
| when more than one organism uses a resource at the same time ( resources are food, water , space, light) | competition |
| the act of one animal consuming another for food | predation |
| organism that pursues another organism for food | predator |
| the bird or mouse that a cat can catch in order to eat it | prey |
| close relationship that occurs when two species ( it can be more) live together... one needs to benefit should be a prolonged relationship | symbiosis |
| what are three types of symbiosis | mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism |
| symbiosis where both species benefit | mutualism |
| symbiosis where one species is benefited and the other has a neutral reactions ( not harmed or helped) | commensalism |
| symbiosis where one species is benefited and the relationship is costly to the other | parasitism |
| Name an external and an internal parasite | flea, tapeworms ( other acceptable answers-look them up) |
| physical environment that surrounds ( influences and is used by) a population | habitat |
| A mutualistic relationship between a fungus and algae ..where the fungus provides habitat for the algae and the algae provides food for both of them | Lichen |
| An orchid or bromeliad on a rainforest tree. the bromeliad or orchid is getting more sunlight for growth and the rainforest tree does not appear to be harmed | commensalism |
| Usually the parasite does not ______ the host, but it does ________ the host | kill, harm or weaken |
Created by:
shemehl
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