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7.1 terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anaerobic | describes a process that does not require oxygen |
| aerobic respiration | the process in which pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make large amounts of ATP; carried out in the presence of oxygen |
| alcoholic fermentation | the anaerobic process by which yeast and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol |
| cellular respiration | the process by which cells obtain energy from carbs; |
| fermentation | the break down of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeast, or mold in the absence of oxygen |
| glycolysis | the anaerobic break down of glucose to pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to the cells in the form of ATP |
| kilocalorie | a unit of energy equal to 1000 calories |
| lactic acid fermentation | the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product |
| NADH | the reduced form of NAD+; an electron-carrying molecule that functions in cell respiration |
| NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) | an organic molecule that serves as an electron carrier by being oxidized to NAD+ and reduced to NADH |
| pyruvic acid | the 3 carbon compound that is produced during glycolysis and needed for both anaerobic and aerobic pathways of cellular respiration that follow glycolysis |
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