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STARS/GALAXIES/ LIGH
STARS/GALAXIES/ LIGHT
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nebula | A large cloud of dust and gas in space |
| Protostar | A contracting cloud of gas and dust; the earliest stage of a star's life |
| Small-medium mass star | An average sized star that can live up to 10 billion years. Our Sun is a medium mass star. |
| Red Giant | a large, reddish star late in it's life cycle. |
| Planetary Nebula | A glowing shell of gas that has been blown off an old star. |
| White Dwarf | A small, hot, dim star that is the leftover center of an old star |
| Black Dwarf | A white dwarf that has burnt out completely. |
| High-mass star | stars that live much shorter lives and are much larger than our sun |
| Supergiant | an extremely bright star of very large diameter and low density |
| Supernova | An enormous explosion of a giant star |
| Neutron Star | A very tiny star that has collapsed under its own gravity. To the point that the electrons and protons have smashed together to form neutrons. |
| Black Hole | An object in space whose gravity is so strong not even light can escape. |
| spiral galaxy | A galaxy with a bulge in the center and very distinctive spiral arms. Our Milky Way is a spiral galaxy. |
| Elliptical Galaxy | A galaxy shaped like a round or flattened ball, generally containing only old stars |
| Irregular Galaxy | A galaxy that does not have a regular shape |
| Quasar | An enormously bright, distant galaxy with a giant black hole at its center |
| Universe | All of space and everything in it |
| Scientific notation | A mathematical method of writing numbers using powers of ten. |
| Radio waves | Least energetic, lowest frequency, longest wavelength |
| microwaves | Electromagnetic waves that have shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than radio waves. |
| infrared waves | Electromagnetic radiation with long wavelengths which is found in the invisible part of the spectrum. Human beings experience infrared waves as heat. Right before visible light |
| Visible Light | Electromagnetic waves that you can see ROY G. BIV (Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo (sometimes indigo is left out) and violet |
| X Rays | electromagnetic waves with wavelengths shorter than ultraviolet rays, but longer than gamma rays |
| Ultraviolet light | Electromagnetic radiation of several wavelengths is used to control microbial growth, Another type of electromagnetic wave produced by the sun that has shorter wavelenghts and higher frequencies than visible light. Can cause sunburns |
| Gamma Rays | Electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies. |
| Light year | The distance that light travels in one year, about 9.5 million million kilometers. |
| electromagnetic spectrum | All frequencies |
| apparent brightness | The brightness of a star as seen from Earth. |
| absolute brightness | The brightness a star would have if it were at a standard distance from Earth. |
| wavelength | The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave, such as the distance between two crests. Distance between two peaks. |
| Hertzsprung-Russell diagram | a graph that shows the relationship between a stars surface temp and absolute magnitude/brightness. |
| Main Sequence | the location on the H-R Diagram where most stars lie. |
| Pulsar | a rapidly spinning neutron star that emits rapid pulses of radio and optical energy. |
| BIG BANG THEORY | the theory that states the universe began with a tremendous explosion 13.7 billion years ago. Particles pulled together & exploded. Constantly expanded & later created stars, galaxies. Still expanding. |
| theory | A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data |
| Can theories change? | yes, as new evidence is discovered or new observations made |
| Galaxy | A huge group of single stars, star systems, star clusters, dust, and gas bound together by gravity |
| Amplitude | Heigth of the waves |
| Frequency | Number of waves that pass a point in a period of time |
| Evidence to support the Big Bang Theory | cosmic radiation, red shift, galaxies moving away from each other |
| Star colors | Red - coolest, Yellow - Medium, Blue-white - hot |
Created by:
KallyEvans
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