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13. Ecology
Energy & Matter Flow
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Food chain | the pathway of energy transfer through various stages as a result of the feeding patterns of a series of organisms |
| Food web | a diagram that shows the complex feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem |
| Trophic levels | one of the steps in a food chain or food pyramid; examples include producers and primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers |
| biomass | total dry mass of all organisms in a given area |
| Energy pyramid | a triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem's loss of energy, which results as energy passes through the ecosystem's food chain |
| Producer | an organism that can make organic molecules from inorganic molecules through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis |
| Primary consumer | an organism that is usually a herbivore, feeding on plants or other photosynthetic/chemosynthetic organisms |
| Secondary consumer | an organism that is a carnivore, specifically feeding on herbivores |
| Tertiary consumer | an organism that is on the top of the food chain, feeding on other carnivores |
| Omnivore | an organism that eats both plants and animals |
| Carnivore | an organism that eats animals |
| Herbivore | an organism that eats only plants |
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