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Epidemiology

TermDefinition
Epidemiology Study of patterns of disease infection and spread
Endemic Diseases are present in a population all the time at low levels.
Epidemic Affects many individuals in a population in a short amount of time.
Pandemic Worldwide epidemic
Differential Stain Use of 2 or more dyes to differentiate among bacterial species or distinguish structures of an organism. Ex) gram stain
Endospores Unique to bacteria; tough dormant structures that allow bacteria to survive harmful environmental conditions; produced by vegetative cell.
Aseptic technique Set of procedure to minimize chances that cultures will be contaminated by organisms from environment (prevents cross contamination)
Sterile Free from bacteria or other living microorganisms
Standard Plate Count Technique used to determine the number of bacteria in a sample
Selective Media Enhances or inhibits the growth of some bacteria
Differential Media Distinguishes between bacteria on same medium based on physical changes in medium; visible change to medium
Obligate aerobe Requires oxygen to grow.
Microaerophiles Grows best in presence of a small amount of oxygen
Obligate anaerobes Killed by oxygen
Faculty anaerobes Carries aerobic metabolism in presence of oxygen and shifts to anaerobic metabolism in the absence of oxygen
Psychrophile Cold loving organisms grow best at 15C to 20C
Mesophile Organisms grows best at 25C and 40C including most bacteria
Thermophile Heat loving organisms 50 to 60C
Hypertonic Solution Concentration of dissolved materials is greater than that in a cell; water moves out of cell and cell shrinks
Hypotonic solution Concentration of dissolved materials is less than that of the cell; water moves in, cell lyses
Halophile Salt loving organisms
Disinfectant Chemicals used on the surface of an inanimate objects to kill microbes
Antiseptic
Antibiotic Chemicals that have ability to kill bacteria
Photoreactivation
Repair of DNA divers by light activated enzyme
Created by: Yepez2017
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