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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| gulf of mexico | A large area of the Atlantic Ocean that is partially enclosed by land. It is located to the South of the United States and East of Mexico and brings warm ocean currents along the Southeast coast of the United States. |
| atlantic ocean | The 2nd largest ocean that separates North and South America on the tropical- describing a climate that is very hot and humid; describing an area of Earth that is near the equator. |
| pacific ocean | The largest ocean that is located between Asia and Australia and North and South America. |
| jet stream | a fast flowing air current that can move weather systems into local areas |
| el nino | global weather pattern that warms up the Pacific Ocean and affects local weather with droughts and floods |
| la nina | global weather pattern that cools down the Pacific Ocean and affects local weather, sometimes with extreme weather like hurricanes |
| ocean currents | large-scale movement of water within the oceans in a certain direction |
| salinity | the total quantity of dissolved salts in water |
| temperate | describes a climate that does not have extremes of hot or cold |
| wind | The movement of air due to atmospheric pressure differences. |
| global winds | Winds that move across our entire planet. They cover large areas. |
| local winds | Winds that move across small areas. You can feel them on the ground. |
| prevailing winds | Global winds that blow constantly from the same direction. |
| trade winds | Steady winds that blow around the equator. |
| polar easterlies | Cold winds that come in from the poles and blow East to West. |
| sea breeze | A breeze that blows during the day from the SEA to the LAND. |
| land breze | A breeze that blows at night from the LAND to the SEA. |
| mountain breeze | Heavy, cold air that flows DOWN the side of a mountain at night. |
| valley breeze | Warm air from the valley that blows UP the side of the mountain during the day. |
| clouds | A collection of water droplets or ice crystals in the atmosphere. |
| fog | A cloud on the ground that reduces visibility. A low-lying stratus cloud. |
| stratus clouds | Flat, layered- means “layer.” Bring cloudy and gloomy weather. Can bring rain or snow when they are dark gray. |
| cumulus clouds | Cotton-ball shaped clouds, tall and fluffy, flat base- means “heap.” Bring warm and sunny weather. |
| nimbus clouds | Nimbus clouds are formed at low altitudes and are typically spread uniformly across the sky. They produces precipitation. Since they are dense with water, they appear darker than other clouds. |
| cirrus clouds | thin, wispy-looking clouds; commonly found at heights greater than 6 km. They are white and are made up of ice crystals. They may be a sign that a change of weather is coming. |
| alto clouds | Clouds with the prefix "alto" are middle level clouds that have bases between 2000 and 7000 m |
| cumulonimbus clouds | Anvil-shaped clouds that are often involved in heavy or violent storms: Cumulonimbus clouds are also called thunderheads. |
| humidity | The measure of how much water vapor is in the air. |
| air pressure | The force that air puts on an area. |
| low pressure area | Mass of WARM AIR (brings warm, wet weather) |
| high pressure area | mass of COLD AIR (brings cool, dry weather) |
| front | the boundary between two masses of air with different properties |
| jet stream | provides a boundary between a cool air mass and a warm air mass |
| cold front | When a COLD AIR MASS pushes into a warm air mass. |
| warm front | When a WARM AIR MASS pushes into a cold air mass. |
| occluded front | A front that develops when two masses of cold air meet. |
| boundary | A line that shows where an area ends and another area begins. |
| air mass | A large body of air that has the same temperature and moisture level throughout. |
| stationary front | A boundary between two air masses that more or less doesn’t move, but some stationary fronts can wobble back and forth for several hundred miles a day. |
| weather | The properties of the atmosphere at any given time and location, including temperature, air movement, and precipitation. |
| climate | The average weather conditions in an area. |
| atmosphere | The layers of gas that surround a planet. |
| meteorology | The study of patterns of weather. |
| forecast | A prediction about what the weather will be like in the future based on weather data. |
| hygroometer | an instrument that measures the water vapor of the air or the humidity. |
| wind vane | an instrument that determines the direction from which the wind is blowing. |
| rain gauge | an instrument that measures the amount of rain that has fallen over a specific time period. |
| anemometer | An instrument that measures wind speed. |
| thermometer | A device used to measure temperature. |
| barometer | a tool used to measure air pressure. |
| precipitation | water that is released from clouds in the sky; includes rain, snow, sleet, hail, and freezing rain |
| condensation | To turn from a gas into a liquid. (Related word: condense) |
| circulate | To move around |
| water cycle | The continual movement of water between land, ocean, and the air. |
| water vapor | The gaseous form of water; produced when water evaporates. |
| transpiration | The process in plants by which water is taken up by the roots and released as water vapor through stomata in the leaves. |
| evaporation | The process in which matter changes from a liquid to a gas. (Related word: evaporate) |
| run off | The draining away of water from the lands surface into bodies of water. (examples: streams, rivers, lakes, oceans) |
| ground water | Water stored below Earth s surface soil and rock layers. (Water stored underground, not in a body of water) |
| convection | the rising of hot air above cooler air, which produces air currents |
Created by:
alexander1029
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