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Macromolecules
carbs, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CARBOHYDRATES | Organic compound made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Carbohydrates are a major source of energy for all living things. |
| LIPIDS | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, steroids and waxes, made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| NUCLEIC ACIDS | Organic compound made of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus. DNA and RNA are made of nucleic acids. |
| PROTEIN | Macromolecule containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. This important organic molecule is needed for cell growth and repair. |
| CLAP | Acronym used to remember four biomolecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids and Proteins. |
| POLYMER | Large molecule consisting of many identical or similar molecular units, called monomers, covalently joined together in a chain. Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins are polymers made of many monomers. |
| MONOMER | Simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers (Nucleotide is a monomer of DNA or RNA) |
| DEHYDRATION REACTION | Chemical reaction where molecules combine by removing water |
| DISACCHARIDE | Double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis or reaction. |
| MONOSACCHARIDE | Single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar. |
| Hydrophilic | Means soluble in water (Loves water) |
| Hydroxyl group | a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom, which is in turn bonded to a carbon skeleton |
| Carbonyl group | a carbon atom is linked by a DOUBLE bond to an oxygen atom, which is in turn bonded to a carbon skeleton |
| Carboxyl group | consists of a carbon DOUBLE bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a HYDROXYL group |
| Amino Group | a nitrogen bonded to 2 hydrogens and the carbon skeleton |
| Phosphate Group | phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms (usually ionized & attached to the carbon skeleton by ONE of its oxygen atoms) |
| Methyl Group | consists of a carbon bonded to 3 hydrogen atoms (component of DNA-methylated compound) |
| Macromolecules | 3 molecules that can be GIGANTIC Hint: includes carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids |
| Alcohol | This is a part of the Hydroxyl group Ethanol looks like the picture. What are the organic compounds containing hydroxyl groups called? |
| Aldehyde | When a carbonyl group is at the end of a carbon skeleton what is it called? |
| Ketone | When the carbonyl group is within the chain of a carbon skeleton what is it called? |
| Organic Phosphate | often involved in energy transfers, as is the energy - rich compound ATP, what is it? |
| Hydrocarbons | Ethane, Propane, 1-Butene, 2 Butene, Butane, Isobutane, Cyclohexane, and Benzene are all? |
Created by:
Hajra Maqsoos
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