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Big Science test
Rocks and Mineral Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Rock | the solid mineral material forming part of the surface of the earth and other similar planets |
| Ore | a naturally occurring solid material |
| Luster | a gentle glow, especially of a partly reflective surface |
| Hardness | The quality or condition of being hard |
| Cleavage | how some minerals break along flat planes |
| Compound | a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture. |
| Streak | the color of the powder left behind when you rub a mineral on a streak plate. |
| Mineral | a solid inorganic substance of natural occurrence |
| Weathering | wear away or change the appearance or texture of (something) by long exposure to the air. |
| Texture | the feel, appearance, or consistency of a surface or a substance |
| Strata | a layer of sedimentary rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics that distinguish it from other layers |
| Extrusive Igneous Rock | when magma reaches the Earth's surface a volcano and cools quickly. |
| Intrusive Igneous Rock | from crystallized magma beneath the earth's surface |
| Crystal Formation | a solid material whose constituents are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure |
| Fracture | any kind of separation or break in a rock formation |
| Sillicate | Any of numerous compounds containing silicon, oxygen, and one or more metals |
| Sedimentary Rock | Rock that has formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment, especially sediment transported by water and wind |
| Igneous Rock | formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. |
| Metamorphic Rock | a rock that was once one form of rock but has changed to another under the influence of heat or pressure |
| Rock Cycle | an idealized cycle of processes undergone by rocks in the earth's crust, involving igneous intrusion, uplift, erosion, transportation, deposition as sedimentary rock, metamorphism, remelting, and further igneous intrusion. |
| Quarry | An open excavation or pit from which stone is obtained by digging, cutting, or blasting. |
| Fossil | the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock. |
| Sediments | matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid |
| Magma | hot fluid or semifluid material below or within the earth's crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed by cooling. |
| Lava | hot molten or semifluid rock erupted from a volcano or fissure, or solid rock resulting from cooling of this. |
| Bedrock | solid rock underlying loose deposits such as soil or alluvium. |
| Topsoil | the top layer of soil. |
| Humus | the organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms. |
| Subsoil | the soil lying immediately under the surface soil |
| Soil Horizon | the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon as a result of Earth's rotation. |
| Natural Reasorce | materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain |
| Soil Profile | a vertical section of the soil that is exposed by a soil pit natural resource: materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain |
| Loam | a fertile soil of clay and sand containing humus |
| Soil | the upper layer of earth in which plants grow, a black or dark brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles |
| Moh's Scale | a scale of hardness used in classifying minerals. It runs from 1 to 10 using a series of reference minerals, and a position on the scale depends on the ability to scratch minerals rated lower |
| Fossil Fuel | a natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms |
| Renewable Resource | A renewable resource is a substance of economic value that can be replaced or replenished in the same or less amount of time as it takes to draw the supply down |
| Nonrenewable Resource | A nonrenewable resource is a resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its consumption |
| Conservation | preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife |
| Uplift | Uplift, in geology, vertical elevation of the Earth's surface in response to natural causes |
| Deposition | Deposition is the processes where material being transported by a river is deposited |
| Density | the degree of compactness of a substance |
| Composition | he nature of something's ingredients or constituents; the way in which a whole or mixture is made up |
Created by:
Always_Alexis
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