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Climate

Climate and Climate Factors

QuestionAnswer
Climate The average weather conditions in a specific place over a 30 year period.
Weather The day to day conditions of our atmosphere.
Latitude The distance north or south from the equator.
Effect of Latitude As you move closer to the equator, temperatures will be warmer. As you move farther away from the equator, temperatures will be colder. The North and South Poles will be the coldest, while the equator will be the warmest.
Elevation The distance you are above sea level.
Effect of Elevation As you get farther in height above sea level, temperatures will be colder. This is due to less air molecules causing less heat to be moved around.
Poles The coldest place on earth. Located the farther away from the equator.
Equator The middle of the earth which separates the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. It is the warmest place on Earth due to it receiving the most amount of direct sunlight throughout the year.
Tropic of Cancer? The imaginary line above the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere. During the summer, the sun hits places on the Tropic of Cancer at the most direct angle.
Tropic of Capricorn? The imaginary line below the Equator in the Southern Hemisphere. During the winter, the sun hits places on the Tropic of Capricorn at the most direct angle.
Air Currents As air on Earth is unevenly heated, it causes it to move around. Heated air rises, while cooler sinks. This causes a current of air motion that moves air from cooler places to warmer places.
Wind The movement of air from a cooler place to a warmer place.
Ocean Currents As the oceans on Earth are unequally heated, warmer air moves from the equator towards the poles. This pushes colder air from the pole toward the equator. As the colder air heats up, it moves back toward the poles.
Closeness to Large Body of Water As ocean water takes longer to heat up than land, air over the ocean will be cooler. This air will be pushed towards the warmer air on the land, creating a sea breeze which cools temperatures.
Climate Factors Factors that cause different weather expectations in an area.
Rain Shadow When a mountain blocks moisture (or rain) from getting to the other side. This causes the other side to be "Shadowed" from the rain, making it very dry.
Precipitation Any form of water falling from the sky. (rain, snow, hail, sleet..)
Coriolis Effect The effect of the Earth's spin on water and air circulations. This causes air and water to get pushed to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
Created by: kgauthier
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