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Chapter10&11

Review for test

Molecular Biology Study of heredity at the molecular level
R-Strain Harmless strain
S-strain pathogenic strain
T2 virus that infects the becterium E
bacteriophage virus that exclusively infect bacteria
nucleotides sugar nitrogen containing base phosphate group
sugar phosphate backbone nucleotides that joined to one another by covalent bonds between sugars and phosphates
DNA replication All cells come from preexisting cells
DNA helicase Pull apart the parental DNA double helix into 2 single strands
DNA polymerase Connects free nucleotides
Free nucleotides Free to attach strands
Semiconservative Replication DNA replication conserves one parental starand and produces one newly synthesized strand
Biochemical pathways Series of linked steps where cells synthesize molecules
mRNA messenger
tRNA transfer
rRNA ribosomal
Transcription RNA synthesis
Translation protein synthesis
Genetic code Translates the sequence of bases in nucleic acids into the sequence of amino acids in proteins
Start Codon AUG
Stop Codon UAA
mRNA triplets Reading 3 base codons
promoter Untranscribed sequence of DNA bases
3 steps to translation 1. Initation of protein synthesis 2. Elongation of the protein chain 3. Termination
3 steps of transcription Initation - occurs at promoter elongation - occurs at the body of the gene Termination - occurs at end of gene with a signal
( ) is transcribed into ( ) then translated into ( ) DNA, RNA,Proteins
Replicate this ATGCGATAT TACGCTATA
Transcribe this TAGCGTATG AUCGCAUAC
Sugar DNA - Dexoyribose RNA - ribose
Strands DNA - Double RNA - Single
Nitrogenous Bases DNA - ATGC RNA - AUGC
Base pairs DNA - A=T G=C RNA - A=U G=C
Created by: Aulbreyleigh5998