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6th Unit 3c

Geology: Rocks and Minerals

TermDefinition
igneous rock a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface
sedimentary rock a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
metamorphic rock a type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions
rock cycle a slow process that recycles rocks
fossil the preserved remains or traces of animals, plants, and other organisms from the remote past
lithification the process in which sediments compact under pressure, fluids fill in between spaces of particles crystallize and create rock by cementation
sediment bits of sand, rocks, shells, dirt that settle to the bottom of a liquid
extrusive rock igneous rock that formed outside of the Earth
intrusive rock igneous rock that formed inside the Earth
cleavage to break into a smooth surface
mineral a natural inorganic substance with a definite chemical make up
granite common intrusive igneous rock
basalt the most common igneous rock made from lava
grit small hard particles of stone
crystallized to form or cause to form crystals
molten made liquid by great heat
atoms the smallest particle of an element
element one of the simple substances, such as gold iron, carbon, sulfur, oxygen and vapors
graphite one of the softest minerals able to leave a mark
stone chalky sedimentary rock
gypsum sedimentary rock formed by evaporation of salt water
zinc ore found in deposits of sedimentary volcanic rocks
ore source of most useful metals
conglomerate rounded rocks (pebbles, boulders) cemented together in a matrix
compaction the process that presses sediments together
cementation the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together
Created by: darrin_evans
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