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Endocrine System
Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Function of glands. | Secrete hormones. |
| Hormones. | Chemical messenger. |
| Life process involved with the endocrine system. | Regulation. |
| Regulation. | Control and coordination. |
| Receptor molecules must have a specific __________ that matches the _____________ of the hormone. | Shape. |
| Name of the cell that has the correct receptor shape for the hormone. | Target cell. |
| Name of the cell that does not have the correct receptor shape for the hormone. | Non-Target cell. |
| A type of feedback mechanism or loop that tends to oppose an initial change and thus maintains the stability of the quantities involved. | Negative feedback. |
| Why is negative feedback important for an organism? | It helps it maintain homeostasis. |
| What does a graph showing negative feedback look like? | A series of lines that go up and down constantly. |
| Describe how negative feedback affects the endocrine system. | The secretion of a hormone is controlled by the concentration of another substance in the blood, often another hormone. |
| Pituitary gland. | Controls the activity of other glands and hormones, otherwise known as the "master gland", located in the brain. |
| Four hormones secreted by the pituitary gland. | TSH (thyroid hormone), ACTH, GH (growth hormone), and FSH (egg cells). |
| Hypothalamus. | Controls the release of hormones by the pituitary and serves as a major link between the nervous system and the endocrine system, helps with temperature regulation. |
| Thyroid gland. | Located in the neck, secretes thyroxine, regulates rate of metabolism. |
| Parathyroid gland. | Located on the side of the thyroid gland, secretes parathormone, regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism. |
| Adrenal gland. | Located on the top of the kidneys, secretes adrenaline, epinephrine, and cortisone, activated during emergencies and stressful situations. |
| Pancreas. | Otherwise known as Islets of Langerhans, secretes glucagon (increases carbs) and insulin (decreases carbs), affects glucose levels, can lead to diabetes. |
| Gonads. | Sex glands. |
| Ovaries. | Produce egg cells, secrete estrogen and progesterone. |
| Testes. | Produce sperm cells, secrete testosterone. |