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Cell Parts
| Organelle | Function | Location (plants/animal/both) |
|---|---|---|
| Nucleus | Contains cell’s genetic material (DNA); LARGEST organelle; Controls everything in the cell | Both |
| Nuclear Membrane | Double-layer around the nucleus; lets DNA in & out | Both |
| Ribosomes | Makes proteins out of amino acids using instruction enclosed in the cell’s DNA. **do NOT have membranes SMALLEST organelle | Both |
| Vacuole | Fluid-filled vesicle that stores water, wastes, nutrients and enzymes. | Both |
| Central vacuole | Same as vacuole; when it is full of water it gives cell its shape; when empty it wilts | Plant |
| Lysosome | Contain digestive enzymes, which break down worn-out organelles, waste materials and foreign invaders. | Animal |
| Rough ER | Assists in the production, processing and transporting of proteins. Rough because of ribosomes on it. | Both |
| Smooth ER | Makes lipids and breaks down toxic materials that could damage the cells. Smooth because there are no ribosomes. | Both |
| Nucleolus | Found in the nucleus. Round, dense structure. Makes ribosomal subunits from protein and RNA. | Both |
| Cytoplasm | Gel-like region enclosed by the cell membrane that includes fluids and all organelles | Both |
| Cell wall | Rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane gives the cell shape & support | Plant |
| Golgi Bodies (golgi complex) | Package and distribute materials such as proteins and lipids | Both |
| Centrioles | 2 organelles found near the nucleus that help the cell when it comes time to divide | Animal |
| Centrosome | Organelle that serves as the main microtubule organizing center | Animal |
| Cell membrane | Semi-permeable layer surrounding a cell; controls movement of materials in and out of cell. | Both |
| Mitochondria | Cellular respiration occurs here. Food is broken down and energy is released. | Both |
| Chloroplasts | Photosynthesis occurs here; uses sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and oxygen. Green because it contains chlorophyll, which absorbs the sun’s energy | Plant |
| Chromatin | Found in the nucleus; made up of DNA and proteins; involved in DNA replication | Both |
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Eam121212
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