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CNA State Review*
State Test Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Stage 1 pressure sore | appear as a reddened area that does not blanch when pressed. Skin is intact. |
| Stage 2 pressure sore | partial breakdown of the upper layer of skin, but does not extend all the way through the skin. May look like a blister |
| Stage 3 pressure sore | Full-thickness tissue loss. the skin is gone. Subcutaneous fat may be exposed. Slough may be present |
| Stage 4 pressure sore | Full thickness tissue loss with muscle, tendon, and bone exposure. Slough and eschar may be present. |
| Unstageable | Full-thickness tissue loss with the ulcer covered by slough and/or eschar. |
| A patient who is about to under go surgery should be on what type of diet? | NPO-Nothing by mouth |
| An agency or program for persons who are dying | hospice |
| Person who perform delegated tasks under the supervision of licensed nurses are | Nursing assistants |
| The goal of the health team is to | provide quality care |
| A federal health insurance program providing benefits for persons 65 years of age or older and for some younger people with certain disabilities | Medicare |
| nursing assistants work under the supervision of | licensed nurses |
| An illness from which the person will not likely recover is | terminal illness |
| The official record of persons who have successfully completed a nursing assistant training and competency evaluation program | Nursing assistant registry |
| The intentional mistreatment or harm of another is | abuse |
| Nursing assistants can have their certification denied, revoked, or suspended for | neglecting a patient or resident |
| Negligence by a professional person | malpractice |
| You observe a patient's daughter slapping him. Who should you inform? | Tell the nurse at once |
| Seeing things for another's point of view | empathy |
| Trusting another with personal and private information | confidentiality |
| When planning your work, you need to decide what to do and when to do each task. this is | priority setting |
| Stress affects | the whole person |
| A written or electronic account of a persons condition and response to treatment is the | medical record |
| Flow sheets are | used to record frequent measurements or observations |
| priorities and goals are set during this step of the nursing process | planning |
| Anterior | at or toward the front of the body or body part |
| inflammation of a joint | arthritis |
| "ab" | away from |
| You have a disagreement with a co-worker about your work schedule. What should you do? | ask to talk about the problem with your supervisor. |
| the language, values beliefs, habits, likes, dislikes, and customs of a group passed from one generation to the next is | culture |
| Any lost, absent or impaired physical or mental function is a | disability |
| communication that uses the written or spoken word is | verbal communication |
| direct questions are used to | make sure you understand what was said |
| the basic unit of body structure | cell |
| bone that bears the body's weight | long bone |
| The largest part of the brain and the center of thought and intelligence is | cerebrum |
| The substance in bed blood cells that carries oxygen and gives blood it's color is | hemoglobin |
| Which heart chamber pumps blood to the lungs | right ventricle |
| where does digestion begin | the mouth |
| food mixed with gastric juice to form a semi-liquid substance is called | chyme |
| urine passes from the bladder through the | urethra |
| the neck of the uterus is | cervix |
| the system that protects the body form disease and infection | immune system |
| retirement often means | reducing income |
| You notice a frayed electrical cord on a resident's bed. What should you do | report it to the nurse at once |
| Check the ________ before using a hazardous substance | MSDS |
| Errors in care are reported | at once |
| Risk management involves | identifying and controlling risks and safety hazards affecting the agency |
| Inflammation of the mouth | stomatitis |
| Surgical replacement of a joint | arthroplasty |
| Aphasia | total or partial loss of the ability to use or understand language |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) affects | muscles for speaking, chewing, and swallowing |
| Age-related muscular degeneration | blurs central vision |
| Braille | reading and writing system that uses raised dots |
| Resting blood pressure is too high in | hypertension |
| TB is spread by | Airborne droplets |
| What cannot be changed with risk factory for CAD? | Age, gender, family history |
| Diverticular disease involves | small pouches in the colon |
| Hepatitis A is spread by | Fecal-Oral route |
| Cystitis | bladder infection |
| HIB virus is spread by | unprotected anal, vaginal, and oral sex |
| any action that punishes or penalizes a person | discipline |
| What is required for restraint use? | doctor's order |
| unnecessary restraint | false imprisonment |
| Most falls occur in | patient and resident rooms and bathrooms |
| 1 ounce | 30 cc |
| ADL | Activities of Daily Living |
| DNR | Do Not Recessutate |
| Ergonomics | changing the task, work station equipment and tools to help reduce stress on the worker's body |
| What will likely lead to a back disorder | twisting while lifting |
| back-lying position | supine or dorsal recumbent |
| The person's unit | a private area |
| you help control noise by | answering phone and signal lights promptly |
| A person has arrived by stretcher, you make a _________bed | surgical |
| When handling bed linens you | collect them in the order of use |
| a chronic condition in which a person cannot sleep or stay asleep all night is | insomnia |
| to promote sleep | make sure linens are clean, dry, and wrinkle free |
| UTI | Urinary tract infection |
| the amount of oxygen given is the | flow rate |
| What is collected for routine urinalysis | random urine specimen |
| to use regent strips correctly: | follow manufacturer's instructions |
| Hemoptysis | bloody sputum |
| Muscle atrophy | decrease in the size of or a wasting away of muscle tissue |
| a resident on bed rest needs | good body alignment |
| abduction | moving away form the midline |
| A patient wears an ankle brace, when you remove the brace, you notice a reddened area on the ankle bone what should you do | report it to the nurse |
| rehabilitation starts when | the person seeks health care |
| rehabilitation focuses on | the whole person the person's abilities |
| you help prevent pressure ulcers by | turning and repositioning, keeping the linens clean and wrinkle free, keeping the resident clean and dry. |
| A person does not feel that he is making progress, the person is angry, how can you help them? | try to understand the person's feelings and offer support |
| You are feeling frustrated by a person's slow progress. What should you do? | discuss your feeling with the nurse |
| using pillows and blankets to prevent skin from being in contact with skin helps | prevent pressure ulcers |
| After applying heat or cold application, how often do you need to observe the application site for complications? | 10-15 minutes |
| HIV is spread by | unprotected anal, vaginal, and oral sex |
| Angina | chest pain |
| Quadriplegia | paralysis in arms, legs, trunk |
| Closed fracture | bone is broken but skin is intact |
| radiation | destroys cancer cells and normal cells |
| Anorexia | loss of appetite |
| Aspiration | breathing in of fluid, food, vomitus, or an object into the lungs |
| how much water does an adult need daily for normal fluid balance | 2000 to 2500mL |
| NPO | Nothing by mouth |
| An eternal nutrition through a gastrostomy tube, to prevent regurgitation, the person is positioned in | Fowler's or semi fowler's position |
| an alarm is sounding on an IB infusion pump. What should you do | tell the nurse at once |
| what part of the health team is responsible for IV therapy | RN |
| you notice that the IV flow rate is going to fast. What should you do | tell the nurse |
| Oral care | prevents mouth odor and infection |
| When logrolling the person | turn the person as a unit, in alignment with one motion |
| head lice | pediculosis corporis |
| alopecia | hair loss |
| Undress the _______ side first | strong |
| Dress the ______ side first | weak |
| A microbe that is harmful and can cause infection | microbe |
| Process of becoming unclean | contamination |
| local infection | an infection in a body part |
| health care associated infection | an infection that develops in a person cared for in any setting where health care is given |
| cleaning | destroys pathogens |
| protection against a certain disease | immunity |
| if you are unsure of a vital sign measurement | promptly ask the nurse to take it again |
| Normal body temperature | 98.6 |
| normal respirations for a healthy adult | 12-20 |
| hypertension | systolic above 140, diastolic above 90 |
| the period of heart muscle relaxation | diastole |
| Pain felt in a body part that is no longer there | phantom pain |
| Painful or difficulty urination | dysuria |
| frequent urination at night | nocturia |
| The loss of urine in response to a sudden urgent need to void | urge incontinence |
| Constipation is caused by | decreased fluid intake, some drugs, inactivity |
| a person complains of abdominal discomfort and rectal pain. Liquid feces is seeping from the person's anus. these are sings and symptoms of | fecal impaction |
| Infection control in the nursing home is important because the elderly | are more susceptible to disease |
| Proper body mechanics means | standing straight with your knees bent and lifting with you legs |
| The rigidity of Parkinson's Disease makes the resident more prone to | falls |
| The foods or fluids that would most likely cause a resident with a CVA (stroke) to choke are | thin fluids |
| When communicating with a resident with a hearing aid, you should | face the resident so they can see you speak |
| You are delegated to provide passive ROM to left lower and upper extremities. This means you | support each joint and provide extension and flexion movements on the left side of the body. |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| All behavior has meaning to the | person performing the behavior |
| ROM exercises help prevent | contractures |
| Genital areas should be washed from | clean to dirty |
| Moral principles or standards that guide our behavior are | ethics |
| A symptom of Alzheimer's Disease is | memory loss |
| Osteoporosis is | porous and brittle bones |
| Gait belt is used for | ambulation |
| Transfer belt is used for | transfers |
| Messages sent through facial expression, gestures, and body movements are | body language |
| An observation of what you actually see, hear, smell, or feel regarding a resident | objective |
| Holistic care is caring for the resident spiritually, emotionally, and | physically |
| when feeding a resident, you should be | at eye level |
| elastic stockings are used to | prevent blood clots |
| if a resident becomes combative during care, you should | make sure the resident is safe and try again later |
| an example of resident centered care is staff | allowing resident's choice of wake time |
| to support residents' through the death and dying process, you should | listen to their beliefs about death. |
| waterless hand soap/gel is | used when soap and water are not available |
| when removing contaminated gloves, the nursing assistant should | grasp the cuff of one glove on the outside with fingers of the other gloved hand |
| the best way to help a resident who has experienced a loss of taste would be to | encourage good oral hygiene |
| to measure the height of a resident who must remain in bed you should | place the resident in supine position and measure her from head to foot |
| when caring fro the elderly, the CNA should | let the resident perform as much personal care as possible |
| To assist residents to eat the nursing assistant should | offer liquids frequently to moisten the food |
| you can assist the family to adjust when they place their loved one in a nursing facility by | including the family in the care planning of their loved one |
| clean bed linen placed in a resident's unit but not used should be | put in the dirty linen container. |
| when the goal is to maintain confidentiality, the nursing assistant may discuss personal information about the resident with | the nursing assistant providing direct care who has a need to know |
| resident would most likely become short of breath quickly due to | increasing rigidity in the lungs |
| appropriate care after death includes | providing privacy during post mortem care |
| the positions of the hands when performing the abdominal thrusts should be | on the middle of the abdomen above the navel |
| to assist a resident with a paralyzed arm put on a front buttoning shirt, the nursing assistant should | put the shirt on the weak arm first |
| Mr. Dobb had a recent stroke and has some difficulty chewing his food. the doctor ordered a therapeutic diet to fit his needs. The best diet for him would be a | mechanical soft diet |
| You just finished bathing a resident and have disinfected the tub. You should put the disinfectant | in a locked cupboard |
| Marinating a clean health care facility is the responsibility of | the health care team. |
| Annabelle has a hearing aid in her ear. Before you wash and style her hair, you should | remove the hearing aid |
| A 1987 law passed to set many standards for the health care industry including certification for nursing assistants is the | Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) |
| Errors in communication can be reduced by | confirming the message was received and understood |
| What is the proper procedure for correction of a documentation error | cross out the error with one line, initial next to it and continue your documentation |
| to serve a resident solid foods you should use a | spoon |
| When lying in a prone position, a resident would be on her | abdomen |
| one of the main causes of constipation in the elderly is | immobility and medication |
| explaining the care that you give and providing the opportunity for choices is showing | emotional support |
| residents residing in long term care facilities are at risk for infections because | they usually have chronic health problems |
| you can best assist a resident during bladder retraining by | keeping track of incontinence |
| whenever you feel stressed or angry the best way to deal with your feelings is to | try to understand why you feel the way you do. |
| The environment that works best for residents with Alzheimer's disease who are confused is | a closed unit with a consistent routine |
| Standard precautions are based on the simple principle that all residents | have potential for spreading infection |
| Standard precautions | prevent the spread of pathogens through the air: are used for all patients and residents; require gowns, masks, and gloves |
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heatherhibbs
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