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Chemistry Key Terms

Junior cert chemistry

QuestionAnswer
Matter ANYTHING that occupies space and has mass
Solute The substance being dissolved
Solvent the liquid the solute is dissolving in
Crystallisation the forming of crystals by cooling a saturated solution
Mixture consists of 2 or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined
An Element a substance made up of only one type of atom
A Molecule composed of 2 or more atoms chemically combined
Compounds consists of 2 or more elements chemically combined
An Atom the smallest part of an element that still has properties of that element
Atomic Number the number of protons in an atom of that element
Mass Number the amount of protons AND Neutrons in an atom of that element
Isotopes atoms of the same element which have a different number of neutrons
An Ionic Bond the force of attraction between OPPOSITELY charged ions
An Ion a charged atom OR group of atoms
Alloy a mixture of metals eg. BRONZE
Rusting the corrosion of Iron
Malleable Metal that can be hammered into shape
Ductile metal that can be stretched
Fuel a substance that burns oxygen to produce heat
Fossil Fuel formed from the remains of organisms that lived millions of years ago
Hydrocarbons compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon
The PH Scale indicates the acidity OR basicity of a solution
Catalyst a substance that speeds up a reaction without getting used up
Screening water passes through a wire mesh and large particles are removed
Settling water is left in large tank and ALUM is added to clump smaller particles together and they sink to the bottom
Filtration water is passed through beds of sand to remove insoluble particles
Chlorination chlorine is added to kill bacteria
Fluoridation fluorine is added to prevent tooth decay
Electrolysis the splitting of a compound by passing electricity through it
Meniscus the curved surface of a liquid in a vessel
Hard water water that doesn't lather easily
Soft water water the produces lather easily
Polymerisation small repeating units called monomers join together to form a large molecule called polymer
Covalent Bonding eg carbon dioxide
Created by: jojo1979
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