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Biology Key Terms
Junior cert biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nutrition | the way an organism gets its food |
| Respiration | the release of energy from food |
| Excretion | the removal of waste from the body |
| Reproduction | the formation of New Organisms |
| Movement | the organism moves |
| Response | reacting to changes in the surroundings |
| Invertebrates | animals that DONT have a backbone |
| Vertebrates | animals that have a backbone |
| Tissue | a group of cells which carry out the same function |
| An organ | a structure that contains 2 or more tissues working together |
| A system | a number of organs working together eg digestive system |
| Digestion | the breakdown of food |
| Enzyme | a protein that speeds up a reaction WITHOUT being used up eg. almayse |
| Product | the substance produced as a result of the action of an enzyme eg. maltose |
| Substrate | the substance that an enzyme acts upon |
| Joint | where bones meet |
| Tendons | join muscles to bone |
| Ligaments | join bone to bone |
| Antagonistic pair | 2 muscles which carry out opposite effects eg. biceps and triceps |
| Cartilage | protects the ends of bones |
| Neuron | a nerve cell |
| Puberty | the age at which people reach sexual maturity |
| Menstrual Cycle | a series of changes that take place in the female body every 28 days |
| Ovulation | The release of an egg from the ovary |
| Fertilisation | the joining of the male and female gamete to form a zygote |
| Implantation | the attachment of the embryo t the lining of the uterus |
| Pregnancy | the carrying of an embryo in the uterus |
| Contraception | the prevention of fertilization or pregnancy eg abstinence |
| Genetics | the study of how traits or characteristics are inherited |
| Chromosomes | Thread like structures made of DNA and PROTEIN found in the nucleus of the cell |
| Transpiration | the loss of water vapour from a plant |
| Xylem | tissue that transports water |
| Phloem | tissue that transports food |
| Photosynthesis | the way in which green plants make food |
| Tropism | the change in growth of a plant in response to a stimulus |
| Geotropism | the change in growth of a plant in response to gravity |
| Asexual Reproduction | New individuals are formed from only one parent |
| Runners | a method of asexual reproduction in plants |
| Pollination | the transfer of pollen from a stamen to a carpel |
| Dispersal | the carrying of the seed as far as possible from the parent plant |
| Germination | the growth of a seed to form a new plant |
| Ecology | the study of the relationships between plants animals and their environments |
| Ecosystems | All the plants and animals in an area interacting with each other and their environment |
| Habitat | the area where a plant or animal lives |
| Producers | plants that make their own food |
| Consumers | animals that get their food by eating plans or other animals |
| Herbivore | an animal that eats plants only |
| Carnivore | an animal that eats other animals only |
| Omivore | an animal that eats both plants and other animals |
| Decomposer | organisms that feed on dead plants and animals |
| Competition | takes place when 2 or more organisms require something that is in short supply |
| Food Web | 2 or more interconnected food chains |
| Interdependence | living things depend on each other for survival |
| Conservation | the protection and wise management of natural resources to prevent living things becoming extinct |
| Pollution | the addition of unwanted materials to the environment |
| Microbiology | the study of small living things |
Created by:
jojo1979
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