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Chapter 3 and 4

QuestionAnswer
Describe felsic rocks? color? silica content? viscosity/ violenece? phaneritic rock (intrusive)? extrusive rock (aphaniritic) color: light color .... silica content: 65-75% .... viscocity/violence: very high.... phaneritic rock: granite .... extrusive rock: rhyolite
Describe intermediate rocks? color? silica content? viscosity/ violenece? phaneritic rock (intrusive)? extrusive rock (aphaniritic) color: dark and light .... silica content: 50-60% .... viscocity/violence: high.... phaneritic rock: diorite .... extrusive rock: andesite
Describe mafic rocks? color? silica content? viscosity/ violenece? phaneritic rock (intrusive)? extrusive rock (aphaniritic) color: dark .... silica content: 45-50% .... viscocity/violence: low.... phaneritic rock: gabbro .... extrusive rock: basalt
composition of continental crust? igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks: gabbro
composition of oceanic crust? mostly igneous rock: basalt
composition of mantel? mostly ultramafic material: periodtite
effects of pressure and water? pressure raises the melting point, water lowers the melting point
Bowens the lower the melting point, the higher the silica
compostion of magma formed by partial melting mafic magma, more silica deficient with increasing pressure
what is concordant with the pattern
what is dike: is a cut shaped like a table top, not parallel with the layers
what is discordant? not with the body
what is sill? intrusive body parallel with the layers
what is peridotite? ultramafic rock composed of pyroxene and olivine. composes the mantel
what is batholith? large intrusions exposed rock, no shape, not all but most are composed of granite
what is texture? size, shape, and arrangment of mineral grains
what is ultramafic? magma or igneous rock that contains less than 45% silica and is enriched in calcium iron and magnesium
what is partial melting? melting of the components of a rock with the lowest melting temperatures
intrusive and extrusive rocks? both were magma. intrusive cools slower within the earths surface and have a phaneritic texture. extrusive has faster cooling on earths surface
relationship between silica content, viscosity, and violence. How does each effect each thing the more violence the more viscocity it has and the more viscosity it has then the higher the silica the less violence the less viscocity it has and the less viscosity it has then the lower the silica
shield volcanoe short but big, lava flows out the vent, effusive eruption, lava cools and keeps building
cinder cone steep slopes, smallest of all three, constructed by pyroclastic fragments, explosed upward but near the vent
composite volcanoe intermediate in steepness. constructed by lava flows and pyroclastic materials, highly explosive. most popular ones, and the ones that kill
two criteria to classify rocks texture and composition
igneous rocks with slow cooling phaneritic (large grains)
igneous rocks with fast cooling aphanitic (small grains), porhyritic (few large grains), vesicular (pores) , glassy
what is magma? molten rock, mostly silica
what is lava? magma on earths surface
what is pyroclastics? fragments of rocks formed by volcanoe eruptions
what is pyroclastic flow? turbulent mixture of gases and pryroclastics flowing down the slopes of the volcanoe
what is vesicular? a type of volcanic rock texture that has pores
what is the vent? the opening of earths surface through which a volcanic eruption takes place.
Created by: sanchezdaniel
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