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Earth - Moon - Sun
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the gravitationally curved path of an object around a point in space. | orbit |
| an attractive force between masses | gravity |
| motion in a given direction | velocity |
| when an object spins around a fixed point called an axis | rotation |
| the time it takes an object to travel once in a one complete orbit | revolution |
| an increasing area of the moon is illuminated | waxing |
| a decreasing area of the moon is illuminated | waning |
| is the partial or total blocking of light of one celestial object by another | eclipse |
| daily changes in the level of ocean water | tides |
| tides that occur during the new moon and full moon | spring tide |
| tides that occur during the first and third quarters of the Moon | neap tide |
| eclipse that occurs when the Earth passes between the Moon and the Sun, and the Earth's shadow obscures the moon or a portion of it | lunar eclipse |
| eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking all or a portion of the Sun | solar eclipse |
| an imaginary line about which a body rotates | axis |
| the Earth's only natural satellite | the Moon |
| the star nearest to the Earth | the Sun |
| method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any contact between the heat source and the heated object | radiation |
| moon phase when 50% of the moon is illuminated from an Earth view point | quarter moon |
| moon phase when less than 50% of the moon is illuminated from an Earth view point | crescent moon |
| moon phase when more than 50% of the moon is illuminated from an Earth view point | gibbous moon |
| moon phase when 0% of the moon is illuminated from an Earth view point | new moon |
| moon phase when 100% of the moon is illuminated from an Earth view point | full moon |
| the tilt of the Earth's axis (23.5 degrees) causes these | seasons |