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Phylum Cnidaria

Jellyfish n' Shit

TermDefinition
5 characteristics of Cnidarians 1. Radial Symmetry 2. Diploblastic Organization 3. Nematocysts 4. Polymorphism 5. Nerve net
Diploblastic Two germ layers
What are the 2 germ layers? Ectoderm and endoderm
Endoderm forms the... Gastrovascular cavity
Mesoglea Jelly-like layer formed from endoderm or ectoderm
Function of mesoglea Functions as hydrostatic skeleton
What are the two main body forms? Polyp and Medusa
Usually asexual and sessile; mouth surrounded by tentacles Polyp Body Form
Dioecious; free-swimming; has more mesoglea Medusa form
Where is the nerve net located? Just below epidermis
Function of nerve net? Detects touch, balance, and engages in photoreception
Four classes of Cnidaria? 1. Hydrozoa 2. Scyphozoa 3. Cubozoa 4. Anthozoa
True Jellyfish Class scyphozoa
Box Jellies Class Cubozoa
Corals and anemones, sea fans, and sea pansies Class Anthozoa
What are the two characteristics of hydrozoa? 1. Nematocysts are only in the epidermis 2. Medusa has a velum
Describe the velum Goes around bottom of organism; almost like a hem at the bottom of the jellyfish to keep the bell from fraying, like blue jeans
Classification of Obelia Obelia is a genus in the class Hydrozoa
Lives in colonial polyp form Obelia
Function of hydranth in obelia Feeding
Function of nematocysts Sting prey
Function of gonangium Reproduction
Function of Planula Larva Disperse
Order of Obelia life cycle? 1. Colony 2. Medusa Bud 3. Medusa 4. Planula
Portuguese Men of War belong to the class.... Hydrozoa
What are the 2 important characteristics of class schyphozoa? 1. Nematocysts occur in epidermis AND gastrodermis 2. Medusa lacks velum
The genus Aurelia is more commonly known as Moon jelly
Is Aurelia monoecious or dioecious? Dioecious
Rhopalium Olfactory and chemo-detection sensory pit found in adult medusa
Statocyst Tells Aurelia (moon jellies) if they're upright or not
Ocelli In Aurelia, detects light and dark
Life cycle of Aurelia 1. Adult Medusa 2. Planula Larva 3. Scyphistoma 4. Strobila 5. Ephyra
What are the 4 important characteristics of class Cubozoa? 1. Nematocysts located in gastrodermis and epidermis 2. Venom is cardiotoxic 3. They have a more advanced nervous system 4. Medusa has velarium; tentacles hanging from four corners from a pendalium
Pedalium A stalk which bears one or more long, slender, hollow tentacles
Chironex Fleckeri A species under the class Cubozoa; highly fatal; 1 chironex could kill 60 people; death in approximately four minutes; causes hypertension, heart failure, and lung edema
Why are cubozoans so toxic? Feed on prawn
What are the 3 important characteristics of class Anthozoa? 1. Nematocysts occur in gastrodermis and epidermis 2. Venom is neurotoxic 3. No medusa, only polyps
A ciliated groove at one or both ends of the mouth of sea anemones and some corals; extends into a pharynx and is used to create currents of water into the pharynx Siphonoglyph
What do anemones eat? Fish, worms, and zooplankton
What kind of skeleton do corals have? Calcium carbonate
What type of dinoflagellate helps corals form reefs? Symbiodinium (zooxanthellae)
What is the life cycle of Anthozoans? 1. Polyp adult (produces gametes) 2. Planula larva (grows into adult and cycle repeats)
Phylum Ctenophora Comb jellies
How are Ctenophora similar to Cnidaria? They both have diploblastic body walls, radial symmetry, and epidermal nerve nets
Adhesive cells on tentacles used to capture prey in Ctenophora Colloblasts
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