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Lesson 5-8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a karyotype | A picture of chromosomes arranged from largest to smallest. |
| What is the purpose of meiosis? | Production of gametes. |
| What is the purpose of mitosis? | Cell division for growth and repair. |
| What happens to the pairs of chromosomes during meiosis? | They separate, leaving only one of each pair in a gamete. |
| What happens to the total number of chromosomes in a cell after meiosis. | It is cut in half. |
| What is a gamete? | Reproductive cell (egg/sperm, ovule/pollen) |
| What is a gene? | A section of DNA that codes for a trait. |
| What does the gene instruct the organism to produce? | A protein. |
| What "organism" were you working with? | Yllis |
| How many copies of each gene does each parent contribute to the child? | One. |
| How many combinations of gametes did you get from the Yllis | 8. |
| What is the formula for how many combinations you can get? | 2 to the ___ power. |
| How many possible combinations are there for human gametes (23 pairs of chromosomes) | 8,000,000 or more. |
| What is the law of segregation? | Alleles separate during meiosis. |
| What is the law of independent assortment? | Chromosome pairs separate independent of each other. |
| What is a PHenotype? | PHysical appearance. |
| What is a GENotype? | GENes - alles - information in cells. |
| In a model, phenotypes are ___ while genotypes are ___. | Written out, abbreviated. |
| Why can 2 non-purple plants not produce offspring that do not look like them? | Because they have no purple allele to pass on. |
| What is a dominate allele? | The one that is expressed if it is there. |
| What is a recessive allele? | On that is less likely to show. |
| What is a carrier? | Someone who shows dominate trait, but has the recessive allele. |
| How can two non-albino parents have an albino child? | They are carriers of the gene. |
| How can an albino person have non-albino offspring? | If he mates with a non-albino. |
| IS the trait for bad cholesterol recessive or dominate? | Dominant. |
| What is co-dominance? | When both alleles are expressed. |
| Explain pedigree. | A family tree, but for traits. |
| Explain a genotype. | The instructions inside a cell. |
| Explain Meiosis. | the separation of cells that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent cell. |
| Explain the formation of gametes. | DNA is replicated one at a time, creating gametes. |
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