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Lesson 5-8

QuestionAnswer
What is a karyotype A picture of chromosomes arranged from largest to smallest.
What is the purpose of meiosis? Production of gametes.
What is the purpose of mitosis? Cell division for growth and repair.
What happens to the pairs of chromosomes during meiosis? They separate, leaving only one of each pair in a gamete.
What happens to the total number of chromosomes in a cell after meiosis. It is cut in half.
What is a gamete? Reproductive cell (egg/sperm, ovule/pollen)
What is a gene? A section of DNA that codes for a trait.
What does the gene instruct the organism to produce? A protein.
What "organism" were you working with? Yllis
How many copies of each gene does each parent contribute to the child? One.
How many combinations of gametes did you get from the Yllis 8.
What is the formula for how many combinations you can get? 2 to the ___ power.
How many possible combinations are there for human gametes (23 pairs of chromosomes) 8,000,000 or more.
What is the law of segregation? Alleles separate during meiosis.
What is the law of independent assortment? Chromosome pairs separate independent of each other.
What is a PHenotype? PHysical appearance.
What is a GENotype? GENes - alles - information in cells.
In a model, phenotypes are ___ while genotypes are ___. Written out, abbreviated.
Why can 2 non-purple plants not produce offspring that do not look like them? Because they have no purple allele to pass on.
What is a dominate allele? The one that is expressed if it is there.
What is a recessive allele? On that is less likely to show.
What is a carrier? Someone who shows dominate trait, but has the recessive allele.
How can two non-albino parents have an albino child? They are carriers of the gene.
How can an albino person have non-albino offspring? If he mates with a non-albino.
IS the trait for bad cholesterol recessive or dominate? Dominant.
What is co-dominance? When both alleles are expressed.
Explain pedigree. A family tree, but for traits.
Explain a genotype. The instructions inside a cell.
Explain Meiosis. the separation of cells that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent cell.
Explain the formation of gametes. DNA is replicated one at a time, creating gametes.
Created by: 2210139
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