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Bio 1100 Week 5
Inheritance
| Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
| Gregor Mendel | Founder of genetics, Augustinian monk. |
| Garden pea plant | The plant Mendel used for his experiments. |
| Advantages of garden Pea plant. | easy to grow, short generation time, large number of offspring, easy to cross pollinate, have several clearyly defined charachters, self fertilized, and have true breeding variaties. |
| Crossing of true-breeding pea plants. Generation F1 (hybrids) | Mendel cross bred purple and white flowers and the result were solely purple flowers |
| Crossing of true-breeding pea plants. Generation F2 | 3:1 ratio of purple to white flowers due to the purple flowers having the dominant colour trait. |
| Characteristics of Human chromosomes. | 2 sets of chromosomes, 23 from one parent and 23 from the other. |
| Homozygous | same allele from both parents. (true breeding) |
| Heterozygous | different alleles from parents. eg Aa |
| Phenotype | The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment, |
| Genotype | The set of genes in our DNA which is responsible for a particular trait. |
| Gametes | A mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote. |
| Complete dominance | Dominant alleles completely mask recessive alleles. |
| Incomplete domincance | Dominant alleles do not completely mask recessive alleles |
| Co-dominance | The effects of different alleles are equally detectable in heterozygotes, |
| One gene controls _____ characters | Several. |
| Examples of Recessive genetic conditions. | Phenylketonuria, Tay-sachs disease, and albinism |
| Mendel's law of segregation | During the formation of gametes, the two alleles of a gene separate and end up in different gametes. |
| Testcross | Crossing of an individual with an unknown genotype with the homozygous recessive for that trait. |
| Use of a testcross | to determine the genotype of suspected heterozygote. |
| Zygote | A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes. |
| Diploid | containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. |
| Haploid | having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. |
| allele | one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome. |
| Multigenic inheritance | inheriting characteristics specified by a combination of genes. |
| Pleithropy | The production by a single gene of 2 or more apparently unrelated affects. |
| All of the offspring of a black hen and white rooster are grey. This pattern of inheritance is suggestive of? | Incomplete dominance. |
| Incomplete dominance | |
| Polygenic inheritance | |
| Codominance | |
| Complete dominance | |
| Autosomal Chromosomes | |
| Drosophila | |
| Colour Blindness occurs in about ___% of males and ____% of females. | 10%, 0.4% |
Created by:
Joeyyip13
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