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Unit 8
Solar System and Exploration
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Gravity | force of attraction between two objects due to their masses |
Model | a picture, idea, or object that represents an object, a system, or a process and is used to help with understanding; models have advantages and limitations |
Orbit | the path that one object in space follows as it revolves around another object in space |
Asteroid | a small rocky body orbiting the sun. |
Comet | a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust and, when near the sun, a “tail” of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun. |
Cosmonaut | a Russian astronaut. |
Galilean Moons | the four largest moons of Jupiter—Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. |
Gas Giant Planets | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. |
International Space Station | a large spacecraft that orbits around Earth. It is a home and science lab for astronauts. |
Meteor | a small body of matter from outer space that enters the earth's atmosphere, becoming incandescent as a result of friction and appearing as a streak of light. |
Revolution | the movement of one object around a center or another object. |
Rotation | a circular movement of an object around a center (or point). |
Satellite | an artificial body placed in orbit around the earth or moon or another planet in order to collect information or for communication. |
Space Probe | an unmanned exploratory spacecraft designed to transmit information about its environment. |
Space Shuttle | a rocket-launched spacecraft, able to land like an unpowered aircraft, used to make repeated journeys between the earth and earth orbit. |
Terrestrial Planets | the inner planets closest to the Sun, i.e. Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. |
Ellipse | a regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant. |