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Unit 4 Water and Air

TermDefinition
Aquifer An underground layer of permeable rock that contains water.
Atmosphere The outer layer of gases of a large body in space.
Biosphere All living organisms on Earth, in the air, land and water.
Cryosphere The frozen layer of Earth's surface.
Condensation Process of water vapor cooling and changing into a liquid water.
Conduction The transfer of heat energy from one substance to another through direct contact (two objects touching).
Convection The transfer of energy from place to place by the motion of heated gas or liquid the Earth's mantle.
Downwelling and Upwelling When water moves to different levels of depth due to surface currents.
Evaporation Process by which liquid turns to gas (water vapor).
Global wind Wind belt that circles the Earth.
Ground water The water beneath the surface of the ground (consisting mainly of surface water that has seeped down).
Hydrosphere The water on or surrounding the Earth's surface (includes water of the ocean and atmosphere).
Impermeable Water can't pass through the substance.
Lithosphere The crust and upper mantle of the Earth.
Ocean current A mass of moving ocean water.
Permeability The ability of water to pass through porous rocks or sediment.
Pollution The presence of a harmful of poisonous substance in the environment.
Precipitation Process by which water, in any form, falls from the atmosphere to Earth's surface.
Radiation Energy that travels across distances of certain type waves.
Runoff Process of water flowing over the surface of the ground.
Surface water Water that collects on the surface of the ground.
Transpiration Process of water evaporating through the leaves of plants.
Watershed The area of land where all the water that is under it or drains off (collects in the same place).
Water table Underground surface of soil or rock that is saturated with water
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