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Cell Division
A Cell Division stack created with the 24 vocabulary words from AHS Biology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mitosis | A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells that each have the same amount and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell. |
| Daughter Cell | Either of the two identical cells that form when a cell divides. |
| Meiosis | A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell. |
| Chromatin | the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA. |
| Sister Chromatids | Two identical copies of one chromosome. |
| Chromosomes | a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. |
| Homologous Chromosomes | a pair of chromosomes containing a maternal and paternal chromatid joined to together at the centromere. |
| Gene | a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. |
| Karyotype | the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species. |
| Centrioles | a small cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division. |
| Centromere | the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division. |
| Centrosome | an organelle near the nucleus of a cell that contains the centrioles (in animal cells) and from which the spindle fibers develop in cell division. |
| Aster | a star-shaped structure formed during division of the nucleus of an animal cell. |
| Spindle fibers | microtubules that are used to pull the chromosomes apart to each side of the cell, allowing the two daughter cells to be completely identical. |
| Kinetochore Fiber | a protein structure on chromatids where the spindle fibers attach during cell division to pull sister chromatids apart. |
| Nucleolus | a small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase. |
| Interphase | the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis. |
| Prophase | the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. |
| Metaphase | the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers. |
| Anaphase | the stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle. |
| Telophase | the final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed. |
| Cytokinesis | the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells. |
| Nuclear Envelope | the double membrane structure that surrounds the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. |
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