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Herold 8th Grade Sci
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is matter? | anything that takes up space and has mass |
| What is mass? | the amount of "stuff" in an object |
| What is weight? | how mass is affected by gravity |
| What is the Law of Conservation of Mass? | matter cannot be created or destroyed |
| Why does gasoline float on top of water? | gasoline is less dense than water |
| What is density? | the amount of matter in a specific spacethe ratio of mass to volume |
| List the characteristics of a solid? | definite shape, definite volumeparticles are close together |
| List the characteristics of a liquid | takes the shape of its container, definite volumeparticles are close together but can slide past each other |
| List the characteristics of a gas | no definite shape, no definite volumeparticles are far apart |
| What are two physical properties of water at 0 degrees C? | it is a solid and a liquid (water freezes and melts at this temperature) |
| If you pour five different density liquid into a graduated cylinder, where would you find the liquid with the greatest density? | At the bottom |
| What is energy? | The ability to do work |
| What direction does a magnetic field flow? | From north to south |
| Any disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space | Wave |
| What is the name of the substance that a wave travels through? | Medium |
| What is the lowest point between each crest called? | trough |
| What is the highest point of a wave? | Crest |
| A mechanical wave needs what to travel through? | Matter |
| Can an electromechanical wave travel through space? | Yes |
| What is the distance between any two identical points on a wave? | Wave length |
| The number of events (or waves) in a given amount of time | Frequency |
| Frequency is measured in this | Hertz is waves per second |
| What component of a wave controls loudness | amplitude |
| What component of a wave controls pitch | frequency |
| When a wave bounces off a surface or an object | reflection |
| What kind of reflection a mirror has | regular reflection |
| In what direction does a transverse wave vibrate | perpendicular to the direction of the wave |
| In what direction does a longitudinal wave vibrate | parallel to the direction of the wavehas parts called compressions and rarefactions |
| What kind of reflection does a counter top have? | Diffuse reflection |
| Any push or pull on an object | force |
| A force that opposes all objects in motion | friction |
| When net forces are not equal to zero | unbalanced force |
| What kind of force causes a change in motion | unbalanced force |
| When net forces are equal to zero | balanced force |
| What kind of force will not cause a change in motion | balanced force |
| Two things that speed depends on | time and distance |
| What is velocity | time, distance, and direction |
| How does air resistance affect a falling object? | slows it by applying force in the opposite direction |
| Newton's First Law of Motion | an object in motion will stay in motion, an object at rest will stay at rest |
| Newton's Second Law of Motion | acceleration depends on mass and amount of force applied F= m x a |
| Newton's Third Law of Motion | For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction |
| Resources that are used faster than they can be replaced by nature | Nonrenewable resources |
| Resources that can be replaced as they are used | Renewable resources |
| What is found in the nucleus of an atom? | Protons and neutrons |
| What did Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr all have in common? | contributed a part to current atomic theory |
| Were are electrons likely to be found? | surrounding the outside of the nucleus in an electron cloud |
| Smallest particle into which an element can be divided | atom |
| In an atom, the part with the least mass | electrons |
| Where metalloids are located on the periodic table | between metals and nonmetals |
| What the components of a block on the periodic table | chemical symbol - the name of the elementatomic number - number of protonsatomic mass/weight - weight of an atom(found by adding protons and neutrons together) |
| Definition of physical science | the study of matter and energy; the study of non-living things |
| List the steps in the scientific method | observationrecognize the problemform a hypothesisanalyze the datadraw conclusionsshare results(Ralph Fell To Another Death Suddenly) |
| What we use to gather observations | our senses |
| Define observation | using the senses to describe the natural world |
| Define inference | an explanation based on facts, but not direct observations. |
| Key ingredient in an hypothesis | it must be testable |
| Independent variable | the variable that is changed |
| Dependent variable | the variable that is not being measuredthe result that depends on the independent variable |
| Constant | the variables that are kept the same |
| control | the standard for comparisonthe "normal" condition |
| Tools to analyze data | Charts and graphs |
| Scientific theory | A set of ideas that tie together many observations |
| Scientific law | Descrrbes how some part of nature acts under certain conditions |
| The section of a science fair project that answers whether or not the hypothesis was supported | conclusion |
| Two factors necessary for a valid experiment | multiple trialscan be done (replicated) by others |
| Two ways a hypothesis can be written | if...thenI predict... |
| Arsenic (As) ... metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? | metalloid |
Created by:
mrsherold
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