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Sensory system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The five senses | Pain Touch Pressure Temperature Proprioception |
| Proprioception | Awareness of body position |
| The special senses | Gustation (taste) Olfaction (smell) Hearing Equilibrium Vision |
| Sensory receptor | Sensory nerve ending that responds to a stimulus |
| What is the function of the sensory system? | Maintain homeostasis Provide pleasure Protection from harm |
| -esthesia | Sensation |
| -osmia | Smell |
| -geusia | Taste |
| The ear is responsible for? | Hearing and equilibrium |
| Parts of the outer ear | Pinna (actual ear) External auditory canal Tympanic membrane (eardrum) |
| Tympanic membrane | Transmits sound waves to the middle ear; eardrum |
| Cerumen | Earwax; protects ear and prevents infection |
| Ossicles(bones) of middle ear | Malleus, incus, stapes |
| Auditory tube | Eustachion tube; connects middle ear with nasopharynx and equalizes pressure in the ear |
| Inner ear | Labyrinth; filled with fluid Cochlea Vestibular apparatus Semicircular canals |
| Cochlea | Coiled part of the inner ear; sound vibrations convert into nerve impulse |
| Spiral organ | Transfers vibrations from cochlear duct and sends to auditory nerve |
| Vestibular apparatus | Sense of equilibrium; consists of vestibule and semicircular canals |
| Vestibulocochlear nerve | 8th cranial nerve, auditory nerve |
| Pinna/ auricle | Captures sound waves; ear part of the ear |
| Vestibule | Liquid filled chamber; aids in equilibrium |
| Audi/o | Hearing |
| Acous, acus, cus | Sound, hearing |
| Myring/o | Tympanic membrane |
| Tympan/o | Tympanic membrane |
| Salping/o | Tube, eustachian tube |
| Staped/o | Stapes |
| Sensorineural hearing loss | Results from damage to inner ear, cranial nerve or auditory pathways |
| Conductive hearing loss | Results from blockage in sound transmission |
| Otitis media | Fluid accumulation in the middle ear |
| Otomycosis | Fungal infection of the ear |
| Meniere disease | Excess fluid pressure in the inner ear Hearing loss, vertigo, tinittus, and a feeling of pressure |
| Acoustic neuroma | Tumor that arises from the sheath of the 8th cranial nerve Tinnitus, vertigo and hearing loss |
| Tinnitus | Ringing in the ears |
| Vertigo | Dizziness |
| Myringotomy | Incision of the tympanic membrane |
| Aural | Pertaining to the ear |
| Decibel | Measuring the intensity of sound |
| Mastoid process | Projection of temporal bone |
| Cholesteatoma | Mass containing cholesterol in middle ear or mastoid region |
| Presbycusis | Loss of hearing due to aging presbyacusis |
| Otorhinolaryngeology | Study of ears nose and throat |
| Orbit | Bony socket that protects the eye |
| Palpebrae | Eyelids |
| Lacrimal gland | Tear gland |
| Conjunctiva | Thin membrane that lines the eyelids |
| Sclera | White of the eye, outermost protective layer |
| Uvea | Middle layer; consists of choriod, ciliary body, and iris |
| Choroid | Pigmented layer that nourishes the retina |
| Ciliary body | Controls the shape of the lens to allow for near and far vision |
| Accomodation | Adjustment of the lens to allow for near and far vision |
| Iris | Muscular ring that dilates with low light and constricts with bright light in the pupil |
| Retina | Innermost layer, receptor for vision, contains rods and cones |
| Refraction | Bending of light rays |
| Optic disk | Optic nerve joins the retina; blind spot |
| Fovea | Point of greatest visual accuity |
| Vitreous body | Maintains shape of eye and refract light; fills the eyeballs cavity |
| Aqueous humor | Fluid that fills the eye |
| Convergence | Both eyes fixate on the same point |
| Cone | Responds to bright light and color |
| Rod | Responds to low light and do not respond to color |
| Córnea | Clear part of the sclera in front of the eye |
| Macula | Small spot or colored area |
| Visual accuity | Sharpness of vision |
| Blephar/o | Eyelid |
| Palpebr/o | Eyelid |
| Dacry/o | Tear, tear duct |
| Dacryocyst/o | Lacrimal sac |
| Lacrim/o | Tear duct |
| Kerat/o | Cornea |
| Lent/i | Lens |
| Phak/o, phac/o | Lens |
| Cycl/o | Ciliary body |
| -opsia | Vision condition |
| -opia | Vision, condition of the eye |
| Macular degeneration | Deterioration of the macula |
| Astigmatism | Córnea or lens is curved wrong |
| Cataract | Cloudiness of the lens |
| Conjunctivitis | Pink eye |
| Diabetic retinopathy | Changes in the retina cause by DM |
| Glaucoma | Increased pressure in the eye, caused by blockage |
| Hyperopia | Farsightedness |
| Myopia | Nearsightedness |
| Presbyopia | Farsightedness caused by age |
| Retinal detachment | Retina detaches from choroid |
| Amblyopia | One eye does not work as well as the other |
| Blepharoptsis | Drooping of the eye |
| Chlazion | Mass on the eyelid |
| Floater | Small moving object in the field of vision |
| Miosis | Abnormal contraction of the pupils |
| Mydriasis | Abnormal dilation of the eye |
| Nystagmus | Rapid involuntary movements of the eye |
| Papilledema | Swelling of the optic disk |
| Strabismus | One eye is looking somewhere else |
| Enucleation | Surgical removal of the eye ball |
| Mydriatic | Drug that causes dilation of the pupil |
Created by:
Lmadams92
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