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Freshwater/Oceans
Study Guide
| Question/Statement | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the % of ocean water compared to land? | 71% ocean water 29% land |
| This is the most abundant form of salt in the ocean water. (Formula) | Sodium Chloride - NaCl |
| How did oceans form? | Earth cooled enough for water vapor to condense. Rain fell and filled the deeper levels of the Earth's surface, making our oceans. |
| Describe the salinity level at the mouth of a river. | Has a low salinity, but can increase depending on the movement |
| Which zone is the temp. most constant? Why? | Deep zone - the sun's rays cannot reach the bottom. |
| As the salinity of the water increases, what happens to the density? | Density increases |
| Where does oxygen in sea water come from? | Algae and the atmosphere |
| Why are green plants not found on the ocean floor? | The lower the salinity, the colder the temp., and the higher the salinity, the higher the temp. |
| Compare the rate of heat absorption between land and water. | The ocean absorbs heat much slower than land does. |
| In the open ocean, which zone do algae live in? why? | In the thermocline/transition zone because it is not too dark, but it is a healthy living environment for algae. |
| Which zone is the densest? Why? | The Surface zone is the densest because it has the highest salinity, and salt makes water more dense. |
| What happens to the temp. in the transition/thermocline zone? | It gets colder/goes down. |
| Which zone does salinity change the most? Why? | Salinity changes the most in the surface zone because the different rivers are emptying into it, and the waves are constantly moving the salt around and depositing it on land. |
| Which zone is most affected by the weather? Why? | The surface zone because the precipitation pours onto the top, and the top zone is where all the evaporation happens. |
| Why are submersibles useful? | They are useful because they are able to go to the bottom of the ocean and resist the pressure, allowing them to explore it. |
| Why is it difficult to research the ocean floor? | It is difficult because people aren't able to go to the ocean floor without being crushed by all the pressure, and not many vehicles are able to go that far down without being crushed. |
| What is the most important function of the ocean? | It regulates heat throughout the Earth, because it absorbs heat much quicker than land does. |
| What properties increase as you descend through the water column in the ocean? (3) | Depth, pressure, darkness, etc. |
| Where does salt come from? | Rocks, because salt is a mineral, and minerals are in rocks |
| Why are green plants not found on the ocean floor? | The suns rays are not strong enough to get to them. |
| What process occurs at the mid ocean ridge? | The plates diverge and magma comes up, fills the hole, and forms a mountain, creating a new part of the mid-ocean ridge. |
| At what type of boundary are mid-ocean ridges found? | Divergent boundaries |
| At what type of boundaries are trenches found? Why? | Transform because an earthquake creates a subduction zone, which makes the land collapse and form a trench. |
| A gently sloping, shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward from the edge of a continent. | abyssal plain |
| What process occurs at a trench? | A subduction zone forms, and the land that gets subducted creates a trench. |
| Describe the abyssal plain. | An abyssal plain is a plain (flat land) on the bottom of the ocean that starts at the edge of a continent and at the bottom of a continental slope. |
| What is happening to the Pacific that is the opposite of the Atlantic? Why? | The Pacific is shrinking, while the Atlantic is growing. This is happening because of the different continents moving around in the ocean. |
| A deep canyon in the ocean floor is called ______... | A trench |
| This feature of the ocean is the result of volcanoes rising above the surface. | ??????????? |
| How is sonar used to map the ocean floor? | It uses something similar to echolocation. It uses the sounds to see how long it takes to come back, and analyzes what the ocean floor looks like. |
| Gentle sloped edge of a continent, where the rock that makes the continent stop and the rock of the ocean floor begins. | Continental slope ? |
| These features are volcanoes under the ocean. | ??????????? |
| What is the name of the research vehicle used to explore the bottom of the ocean. | Submersible {Nereus} |
| How do seasons and location affect the temperature at the surface zone? | The season may make the water warmer or colder. The location may mean that the seasons are warmer or colder at certain times, changing the temperature of the surface zone. |
Created by:
PTXll
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