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US Government 18-19
the vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| shield law | a law which gives reporters some protection against having to disclose their sources or reveal other confidential information and legal proceedings |
| symbolic speech | expression by conduct; communication ideas through facial expressions, body language, or by carrying signs, or wearing an arm band |
| picketing | patrolling of a business site by workers who are on strike |
| assemble | together with one another order to express views on public matters |
| content neutral | the government may not regulate assemblys on the basis on what might be said |
| right of association | the right to associate with others to promote political, economic, and other social causes |
| establishment clause | separates church and state |
| parochial | church-related, as in school |
| free exercise clause | the second part of the constitutional guarantee of religious freedom, which guarantees to each person the right to believe whatever he or she chooses to believe in matters of religion |
| libel | false or malicious use of printed words |
| slander | false or malicious use of spoken words |
| sedition | the crime of attempting to overthrow the government by force, or to disrupt its lawful acivities by violent acts |
| seditious speech | the advocation or urging, of an attempt to overthrow the government by force, or to disrupt its lawful activities with violence |
| civilian tribunal | a court operating as part of the judicial branch, entirely separate from the military establishment |
| bill of rights | the first 10 amendments to the constitution |
| civil liberties | the guarantees of the safety of persons, opinions, and property from the arbitrary acts of government, including freedom of speech and religion |
| civil rights | a term used for those positive acts of government that seek to make constitutional guarantees a reality for all people |
| alien | foreign-born resident, or non-citizen |
| due process clause | part of 14th amendment which guarantees that no state deny basic rights to its people |
| process of incorperation | the process of incorperation or including most of the guarantees in the Bill of Rights into the 14th amendments due process clause |
| certificate | a method of putting an case before the supreme court |
| majority opinion | announces the court's decision in a case and sets out the reasoning upon which it is based |
| precedent | court decision that stands as an example to be followed in future, similar cases |
| concurring opinion | written explanation of the views of one or more judges who support a decision reached by a majority the court, but wish to add or emphasize a point that was not made in the majority decision |
| dissenting opinion | written explanation of the views of one or more judges who disagree with a decision reached by a majority of the court |
| redress | satisfaction of a claim payment |
| courts martial | a court composed of military personnel, for the trial of those accused of military law. |
| original jurisdiction | the power of account to hear a case first, before any other court |
| appellate jurisdiction | the authority of a court to review decisions of lower courts |
| criminal case | a case in which a defendant is tried for committing a crime as defined by the law |
| civil case | a case involving a non criminal matter such as a contract dispute or a claim of patent infringement |
| docket | a court's list of cases to be heard |
| writ of certiorari | an order by a higher court directing a lower court to send up the record in a given case for review |
| inferior curts | the lower federal courts beneath the supreme court |
| jurisdiction | the authority of a court to hear the case |
| exclusive jurisdiction | power of the federal courts alone to hear certain cases |
| concurrent jurisdiction | power shared by federal and state courts to hear certain cases |
| plaintiff | in civil law, the part who brings a suit or some other legal action against another (defendant) in court |
| defendant | in civil suit, the person against whom a court action is brought by the plaintiff; in a criminal case, the person charged with the crime |
Created by:
me1915181
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