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Information Process
Contains the Vocabulary for the Information Processing Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sensory Neuron | Nerve cells that transmit sensory information; pain, touch, vision, taste, hearing. |
| Interneuron | A neuron that forms a connection between other neurons; enables an organism to perceive its surroundings, think and see. |
| Motor Neuron | A nerve cell that carry signals from the spinal cord to the muscles to produce movement |
| Autonomic Neuron | A nerve cell that controls involuntary or partially voluntary actions of your body; examples: heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and temperature regulation |
| Neuron | A specialized cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. |
| Nerve Impulse | A signal transmitted along a nerve fiber. |
| Synapse | Sends electrical impulses to neighboring neurons. |
| Myelin Sheath | Covers the axon and work like insulation to help keep electrical signals inside the cell, which allows them to move more quickly. |
| Axon | Transfers electrical impulse signals away from the cell body to the synapse. |
| Soma | The cell body which contains most of the cell’s organelles. |
| Nucleus | Contains the cell’s DNA. |
| Dendrite | Receives electrical impulses from neighboring neurons. |
| Glial Cell | Play a supporting role in neural network. Has two major functions: creates myelin sheath and cleans up after neuron death. |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | Part of the involuntary (autonomic) nervous system. Controls involuntary action (ex. heart rate) |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | Responsible for fight/flight responses. (adrenaline induced movement like fear or surprise) |
| Peripheral Nervous System | Includes all nerve tissue outside the brain and spinal cord. |
| Central Nervous System | Includes the Brain and the spinal cord |
| Sensory/somatic Nervous System | Responsible for carrying messages between the Central Nervous System and the body's sensory organs and voluntary muscles. |
| Communication Neurons | Transmits information throughout the brain regions |
| Computation Neurons | Extracts/Processes/Compares to prior experiences and then makes responses. |
| Afferent Pathways | Carrying sensory information toward a central organ or part, as a nerve that conducts impulses from the periphery of the body to the central nervous system. |
| Efferent Pathways | Carrying impulses from the central nervous system to an effector (muscles, organs, etc) |
Created by:
jhotchkiss
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