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History Voc.
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Alluvial Soil | a fine-grained fertile soil deposited by water flowing over flowing over flood plains or in river beds. |
Wadi | streambeds that remain dry until a heavy rain. |
Phosphate | a chemical used in fertilizers. Deposits of chromium, gold, lead, manganese, and zinc are sprinkled across the region. |
Oasis | a small fertile or green area in a desert region, usually having a spring or well. |
Pastoralism | the raising and grazing of livestock, is a way of life for people who live in a steppe climate. |
Ethnic diversty | or differences among groups based on their languages, customs, and beliefs. |
Infrastructure | basic urban necessities like streets and utilities. |
Domesticate | or take them from the wild and make them useful to people. |
Culture hearth | centers where cultures developed and from which ideas and traditions spread outward. |
Cuneiform | wedge-shaped symbols written on wet clay tablets that were then baked to harden them. |
Hieroglyphics | and invented a form of picture writing called |
Monotheism | belief in one God. |
Prophet | messengers, that included Abraham and Jesus. |
Mosque | a house of worship where Muslims pray. |
Nationalism | belief in the right of an ethnic group to have its own independent country. |
Nationalize | placed under government control |
Embargo | a ban on trade |
Ziggurat | mud-brick temples |
Bedouin | desert nomads |
Bazaar | This traditional marketplace is a bustling area ranging from a single street of stalls to an entire district in a large city. |
Arable | suitable for farming |
Commodity | economic goods |
Petrochemical | petrochemicals products derived from petroleum or natural gas to make fertilizers, medicines, plastics, and paints. |
Gross Domestic Product | is the value of goods and services produced in a country in a year. |
Hajj | pilgrimage, to Makkah in Saudi Arabia. |
Atlas Mountains | extends across Morocco and Algeria. Enough precipitation falls on the northern side of these mountains to water the coastal regions, making them ideal for farming. |
Caucasus Mountains | rise north of Mount Ararat between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. |
Arabian Peninsula | To the east, the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden separate the Arabian Peninsula from Africa. |
Persian Golf | The Persian Gulf frames this peninsula on the east, and the Arabian Sea borders it on the south. |
Sinai Peninsula | To the northwest, the Gulf of Suez and the Gulf of Aqaba flank the Sinai Peninsula. |
Anatolia | To the north, the peninsula of Anatolia points west to the Aegean Sea. |
Dead Sea | sits at the mouth of the Jordan River. |
Caspian Sea | In Central Asia, the Caspian Sea is the largest inland body of water on Earth. This sea laps the shores of both Asia and Europe. |
Aral Sea | East of the Caspian Sea is the Aral Sea. |
Nile River | Egypt’s Nile River is the world’s longest river at 4,160 miles (6,693 km). |
Tigris River and Euphrates River | which flow mainly through Iraq. A complex irrigation network has watered the valley and supported farming there for 7,000 years. |
Sahara | the largest desert in the world at about 3.5 million square miles (about 9.1 million sq. km), covers most of North Africa. |
Rub' al-Khali | or Empty Quarter, has the largest area of sand in the region. |
Kara-Kum | or black sand desert, covers most of Turkmenistan. |
Gulf of Aqaba and Strait of Hormuz | linking the Persian Gulf with the Arabian Sea |
Aswan High Dam | The Aswan Dam is an embankment dam built across the Nile at Aswan, Egypt between 1898 and 1902. |