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exam 2 for anp 233
boy and girl parts acid base
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| seminal vesicles | makes sugar (energy), Buffer (reduces acidity), clotting agent (makes sperm cloppy |
| prostate makes | activates sperm, starts them swiming, Plasmin (unclotter (5 minute delay) |
| bulbourethral gland makes... | mucus to remove old urine |
| ghrh are... | releasing hormones. Gonadotropic. Means they direct the the antierior pituitary gland to produce fsh or lh. |
| lh is | Luetinizing hormone. Makes testosterone |
| FSH is | folicle stimulating hormone. Directs testes to make sperm |
| making eggs timeline | starts before birth, pauses until puberty and stops at menapause |
| Graph of too much testosterone | gnrh down> lh down> lower testosterone |
| Graph of too little testosterone | gnrh up> lh up> up testosterone |
| inhibin | brain stops fsh from secreting |
| time space between ovulation and period | 2 weeks |
| when estrogen or progestrogen peakes | either releases egg or stops making eggs |
| when estrogen or progestrogen is super low | makes new egg |
| Testes | Hormone production (internal) |
| epididymis | sperm school, duct system (internal) |
| scrotum | temp control, sac carrying the testes (external) |
| vas deferns | carrying sperm, duct for seminal fluid, (internal) |
| seminal vesicles | produce seminal fluid, (internal) |
| Prostate Gland | secretes milky fluid activates sperm (internal) |
| Bulbourethral gland | produces thick/clean, alkalilne mucus (internal) |
| penis | dleivers sperm, urination, hobby (external) |
| coorpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum | where blood goes during erection (external) |
| oVARIES | makes eggs, estrogen |
| fallopian tubes | carries eggs |
| uterus | houses fetus, menstration |
| cervix | gatekeeper, muscles, opening for uterus, lube of mucus |
| vagina | intercourse, birth canal |
| vestibular glands | provides lube during sex |
| labia majora/minora | protection |
| clitoris | highly sensative material |
| Sex chromosomes male | xy |
| Sex chromosomes female | xx |
| Predominant hormone for male | testosterone |
| predominant hormone for female | projestrogen and estrogen |
| gonads and gametes made (male) | teste3s, spermie |
| gonads and gametes made (female) | ovaries, oocytes |
| internal genitals Male | prostate, glands |
| internal genitals female | uterus,, ovaries |
| external gentials male | penis, sack |
| external genitals female | vulva, labia |
| chromosomal sex of child is determined by what | genes from your parents |
| what determines the physical sex of child | hormones |
| Wolffian ducts... | In females they disintegrate. In males they become the vas deferens, epididymis and seminal visicles |
| Mullerian ducts... | they disenigrate in males and females became the oviduct , uterus and the upper part of the vagina |
| default biological sex | female |
| if testes are removed sex is... | female (mullerian ducts) |
| if testes are removed and testosterone is injected sex is... | male and female parts |
| normale male + anti testosterone | no parts |
| sry gene | malesness factor in Y gene |
| abstinence inturrupts | fertilization |
| spermicide inturrupts | sperm motility |
| condoms inturrupts | fertilization |
| oral contraceptives, depo, norplant inturrupts | ovulation/oogenesis |
| withdrawl (pullout) inturrupts | fertilization |
| natural family planning inturrupts | ovulation |
| iud inturrupts | implantation |
| vasectomy or tubal ligation inturrupts | fertilization |
| what contraceptives are hormonal agonists | the pill, depo, norplant (increase progestron) |
| what contraceptives are hormonal antagonists | none |
| icf= | Intracellular fluid or liquid in cell (water can leave but not the solutes |
| ecf= | extracellular fluid or everything outside the cell. |
| ECF types | lymph, intestitial fluid, plasma |
| where can fluid go (rule | all ecf are equally permeable and all icf stay isolated |
| Adh rule | holds on to water by not peeing |
| Aldersterone rule | holds on to salt and water follows |
| carbonic acid buffer system equation | CO2 + H2O >< H2CO3 >< H+ + HCO3- |
| respiratory side of carbonic equation | CO2 + H2O |
| renal side of carbonic equation | H+ + HCO3- |
| buffer in carbonic equation | H2CO3 |
| A shift show the direction... | the equation moved. Renal or Respiratory |
| short term buffering is which side of the carbonic equation | respiratory |
| long term buffering is which side of the carbonic equation | renal |
| if the body is basic it is... | alkalosis |
| if the body is acidic it is... | acidosis |
| the two types of acidosis | metabolic and respiratory |
| the two types of alkalosis | metabolic and respiratory |
| Metabolic acidosis and alkalosis are caused by | things having to do with eating or body type stuff |
| respiratory acidosis and alkalosis are caused by | things having to do with the lungs or breathing |
| acidosis caused by extra ??? or deficient ??? | extra H+ or deficient in HCO3- |
| acid formula is... | H+ |
| base formula is... | HCO3- |
| rule for determining type of acidosis or alkalosis and which side of equation | am i gaining or losing acid or base and is it from breathing or not. |
| CO2 normal value | 40 |
| O2 normal value | 100 |
| base normal value | 24-27 |
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