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Physical Sci 7th gr
Ch 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fluid | substance that flows and takes the shape of the container that holds it |
| Liquid | matter with a definite volume but no definite shape |
| Gas | matter that has no definite volume and no definite shape |
| Archimedes Principle | states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid that the object displaces |
| Buoyancy force | `upward force applied by a fluid on an object in the fluid |
| Pascal's principle | states that when pressure is applied to a fluid in a closed container, the pressure increases by the same amount everywhere in the container |
| Bernoulli's principle | states that the pressure of a fluid decreases when the speed of that fluid increases |
| Drag force | force that opposed the motion of an object through a fluid |
| Pressure | amount of force per unit area applied to an object's surface |
| Density | mass per unit volume of a substance |
| Work | transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied over a distance |
| Power | the rate at which work is done |
| Force | push or a pull on an object |
| Fulcrum | the point where a lever pivots |
| Gravity | an attractive force that exists between all objects that have mass |
| Friction | a contact force that resists the sliding motion of two surfaces that are touching |
| Inertia | tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion |
| Momentum | measure of how hard it is to stop a moving object |
| Displacement | difference between the initial, or starting, position and the final position of an object that has moved |
| Inquiry | an investigation |
| Control Group | the part of an experiment that contains the same factors as the experimental group but the independent variable is not changed |
| Constant | factors in an experiment that remain the same |
| Dependent variable | the factor a scientist observes or measures during an experiment |
| Independent variable | the factor that is changed by the scientist to observe how it affects a dependent variable |
| Hypothesis | a possible explanation for an observation that can be tested by scientific investigations |
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