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Science Final
Review for 9th grade, Semester 1, final for Science.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Engineer | A person trained and skilled in the design, construction, and use of a system or machine. |
| Invention | A device or process originated after study and experiment. |
| Innovation | A new improvement to an existing device or process. |
| Engineering Design Process | A series of steps used to plan practical solutions to problems. |
| Criteria | The desired features of a product related to its function or purpose. |
| Constraints | Any limitations on the design. |
| Trade-offs | Giving up one desirable trait for another. |
| Prototype | A working model; allows you to test your possible solution. |
| Risk-Benefit Analysis | Compares the negative consequences of a device or design to the positive consequences. |
| Life Cycle Analysis | Evaluation of the materials and energy used for the product's manufacture, operation, use, disposal, etc. |
| System | Group of interacting mechanical parts that work together to accomplish a goal. |
| Input | The needed resources to accomplish a goal in a technological system. |
| Output | The goal of the technological system. |
| Feedback | Information from one step of a cycle that affects a previous step of the cycle in a technological system. |
| Negative Feedback | Feedback that can stop the process occurring in a system. |
| Positive Feedback | When increased output cause the system to make even more output. |
| Technology | The products and process that result from the engineering process. |
| Independent Variable | The factor that is deliberately changed by the experimenter. |
| Dependent Variable | The factor that changes as a result of the experiment. |
| Constants | The factors that are kept the same so they do not affect the results of the experiment. |
| Control Set-up | The comparison group that does not get the independent variable. |
| Bias | Occurs when a scientist's expectations and previous experiences change how the results are viewed. |
| Peer Review | Procedures and results of an experiment are evaluated by scientists in the same field of study before a study is published. |
| Scientific Law | A statement about what happens in nature that seems to be true all the time. |
| Scientific Theory | A explanation of things or events based on knowledge gained from multiple observations and investigations. |
| Motion | A change in an object's position or location relative to a reference point. |
| Speed | The distance an object moves in a given amount of time. |
| Acceleration | The rate at which velocity changes. |
| Force | A push or a pull acting on an object in a certain direction. |
| Weight | Gravitational force exerted on an object. |
| Mass | The measure of the amount of matter in an object. |
| Inertia | Tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion. |
Created by:
MakStabs
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