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Science 1/18 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Interphase | Longest phase, cell grows, matures and does its job. DNA copied. |
| Prophase | Chromosomes appear. Nuclear membrane breaks down. Spindle fibers appear. |
| Metaphase | Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers at the centromere. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. |
| Anaphase | Chromosomes are pulled apart and move to opposite ends (poles) of cell. One of each pair of sister chromatid is at each end of the cell. |
| Telophase | Nuclear membrane reforms and the cell begins to pinch in (animal cell) |
| Cytokines | The cell's cytoplasm divides to create two exact copies (daughter cells) of the parent cell. |
| Sexual Reproduction | Involves two parents which both contribute their genetic information into offspring. |
| Gametes | Egg and sperm cells that have half the number of chromosomes of a body cell. |
| Chromosome number | Each species has its own number of chromosomes |
| How many chromosomes do humans have? | 46 there are pairs of 23: on pair came from the mother and the other came from the father. |
| Karyotype | Picture of all the paired chromosomes in size order |
| What are the last two chromosomes shown in karyotype to determine the gender. ( X and Y chromosomes) ? | Sex chromosomes |
| Is XX female or male? | Female |
| Is XY female or male? | Male |
| Do males or females determine the sex of the offsprings? Why? | Male because their sperm can carry either X or Y, passing it to their chromosome on their offspring. Mothers can only pass the X because they only have X's in their eggs. |
| Root tip lab | Great places to study mitosis because the root tip is where the growth in roots occurs ( right behind the protective root cap) not only could be see cells in each stage of mitosis, but the lab proved that most cells are in Interphase in a tissue |
| What is mitosis? | A series of organized steps that enables the nucleus of the cell to divide evenly |
| What is the best no result of mitosis? | Two daughter cells are produced and are exactly the same as the parent cell. |
| Where does mitosis occur? | In all body cells of all multi-called organisms |
| What is cancer? | Uncontrolled cell division. Cells do not go through the normal cell cycle. They just keep dividing, so the cells grow into tumors. |
| What is mutation? | Error in the genetic code. Example CTT is replaced by GTT. |
| What is mutagen? | Substance that causes mutations such as X-rays or toxic chemicals. |
Created by:
LaxyLucy7
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